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Feeding and Swallowing Outcomes in Children Who Use Long-Term Ventilation: A Scoping Review

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Abstract

The last two decades have seen increasing use of long-term ventilation (LTV) as an intervention in childhood. Children who use LTV have many risk factors for feeding and swallowing difficulties, including their underlying respiratory and/or neurological etiology, long hospitalizations, medical interventions, and limited exposure to oral feeding experiences. This review aimed to answer two questions: 1) ‘What specific swallowing and feeding characteristics do these children experience?’; and 2) ‘What impacts do these swallowing and feeding characteristics have on health status and quality of life?’. Texts were identified across bibliographic databases, reference lists, and grey literature. Studies were analyzed according to ventilation, feeding and swallowing, assessment and intervention, and quality of life parameters. Overall, 1919 papers were screened, with 31 papers included in the final data extraction process. A range of feeding and swallowing characteristics were observed, including oral secretion management difficulties, oral aversion, swallowing difficulties, and clinical signs of aspiration. Non-oral feeding was found to be the primary feeding method used. Little information on health status and quality of life was reported in scoping review texts. Children with LTV needs present with a range of feeding and swallowing concerns, and non-oral feeding is common. Further research is needed to understand the feeding and swallowing journey of this population. This will assist in future service planning and delivery, and in turn contribute to improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

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Funding

This research work was conducted at University College London and funded by Health Education England (HEE)/National Institute of Health and Care Research (NIHR) as part of a Pre-doctoral Clinical Academic Fellowship completed between September 2021 to September 2022.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Evelina London Children’s Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

    Sabrena Lee

  2. Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK

    Sabrena Lee & Christina H. Smith

  3. Queensland Children’s Hospital, Children’s Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    Jeanne Marshall

  4. School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    Jeanne Marshall

  5. Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, USA

    Michael Clarke

  6. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, Scotland

    Christina H. Smith

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  1. Sabrena Lee
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  2. Jeanne Marshall
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Correspondence to Jeanne Marshall.

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Appendices

Appendix 1

List of Included Scoping Review Articles

See Tables 5 and 6

Table 5 List of included scoping review articles
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Appendix 2

Types of Feeding Methods Reported

Table 6 Types of feeding methods reported in scoping review articles
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Lee, S., Marshall, J., Clarke, M. et al. Feeding and Swallowing Outcomes in Children Who Use Long-Term Ventilation: A Scoping Review. Dysphagia (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-023-10648-0

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