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Solid-state fermentation of Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki HD-73 maintains higher biomass and spore yields as compared to submerged fermentation using the same media

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Abstract

To determine the growth kinetic parameters, substrate consumption and spore yields for Bacillus thuringiensis, liquid fermentation (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF), on polyurethane foam (PUF), were analysed comprising strictly the same media. The analysis included three medium concentrations, maintaining the same C/N ratio, with initial glucose at 12.5, 25, and 50 g L−1 (1X, 2X and 4X, respectively). SSF at 2X and 4X produced higher amounts of total biomass, vegetative growth and even early sporulation. Notably, at all glucose concentrations, sporulation was not inhibited in SSF as seen partially in SmF at 2X, and totally at 4X. Micrographs from PUF cultures showed thin layers of bacteria forming large horizontal aggregates, associated with the higher biomass yields and the early cell differentiation. This is the first work showing that SSF improves spore yields of B. thuringiensis in media with high substrate concentrations, using PUF as a research tool for comparative analysis with application in new production systems including biofilm-forming microorganisms.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful for financial support of the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana for this research. We also thank the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) for the fellowship granted to J. Lima-Pérez.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Mexico City, Mexico

    Jorge Lima-Pérez, Gustavo Viniegra-González & Octavio Loera

  2. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, 52000, Lerma, Mexico

    Marcos López-Pérez

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  1. Jorge Lima-Pérez
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Lima-Pérez, J., López-Pérez, M., Viniegra-González, G. et al. Solid-state fermentation of Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki HD-73 maintains higher biomass and spore yields as compared to submerged fermentation using the same media. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 42, 1527–1535 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-019-02150-5

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