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Distribution of sulfonamides in liquid and solid anaerobic digestates: effects of hydraulic retention time and swine manure to rice straw ratio

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Abstract

The effects of hydraulic retention time (20 and 15 days) and swine manure to rice straw ratios on distribution of sulfonamides (SAs) in liquid and solid anaerobic digestates were studied using bench-scale completely stirred tank reactors at (37 ± 1) °C. Results showed that anaerobic digestion (AD) treatment exhibited a good removal effect on sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfadimidine (SM2) and sulfachloropyridazine (SCP), especially at HRT = 20 days and co-digestion with swine manure and rice straw. The removal rates of SDZ and SM2 were more than 90%, but only 72.8% for SCP. The residual SAs were mainly remained in solid digestates, with residual rates ranging from 28.8% to 71.3%, 40.6% to 88.0, and 82.7% to 97.0% for SDZ, SM2 and SCP, respectively. Due to lower pKa and higher log K ow of SCP, its residue in solid digestates was far more than SDZ and SM2. Higher HRT and co-digestion could improve the degradation of SAs, which can also be put down to the occurrence of cometabolism of SAs and COD.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21577052), the Independent Innovation Fund of Agricultural Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province (No. CX(16)1003-1, No. ZX(16)2033). We thank Dr. Jun Gao, Dr. Na Wang and Ms. Xinyan Guo for their kind cooperation in measurement and sample determination in Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Hongmei Jin, Caiyun Xu, Jing Du, Huashan Wu, Hongying Huang, Zhizhou Chang & Yueding Xu

  2. Jiangsu Agricultural Waste Treatment and Recycle Engineering Research Center, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Hongmei Jin, Caiyun Xu, Jing Du, Huashan Wu, Hongying Huang, Zhizhou Chang & Yueding Xu

  3. East China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Hongmei Jin, Jing Du, Huashan Wu, Hongying Huang, Zhizhou Chang & Yueding Xu

  4. Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China

    Hongmei Jin, Jing Du, Huashan Wu, Hongying Huang, Zhizhou Chang & Yueding Xu

  5. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Caiyun Xu & Lixiang Zhou

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Jin, H., Xu, C., Du, J. et al. Distribution of sulfonamides in liquid and solid anaerobic digestates: effects of hydraulic retention time and swine manure to rice straw ratio. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 40, 319–330 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-016-1699-1

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