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Bio-insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis spores encapsulated with amaranth derivatized starches: studies on the propagation “in vitro”

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Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the bioinsecticides used worldwide due to its specific toxicity against target pests in their larval stage. Despite this advantage, its use is limited because of their short persistence in field when exposed to ultra violet light and changing environmental conditions. In this work, microencapsulation has been evaluated as a promising method to improve Bt activity. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize native and modified amaranth starch granules and evaluate their potential application as wall materials in the microcapsulation of B thuringiensis serovar kurstaki HD-1 (Bt- HD1), produced by spray drying. Native amaranth starch granules were treated by hydrolyzation, high energy milling (HEM) and were chemically modified by phosphorylation and succinylation. The size of the Bt microcapsules varied from 12.99 to 17.14 μm adequate to protect the spores of Bt from ultraviolet radiation. The aw coefficient of the microcapsules produced by the modified starches after drying was low (0.14–1.88), which prevent microbial growth. Microcapsules prepared with phosphorylated amaranth starch presented the highest bacterial count and active material yield. Different concentrations of the encapsulated Bt formulation in phosphorylated amaranth starch showed a high level of insecticidal activity when tested on M. sexta larvae and has great potential to be developed as a bioinsecticide formulation, also, the level of toxicity is much higher than that found in some of the products commercially available.

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Abbreviations

aw:

Water activity

Bt :

Bacillus thuringiensis

HEM:

High energy milling

n-OSA:

n-Octenyl succinic anhydride

OSA:

Octenyl succinic anhydride

STP:

Sodium tripolyphosphate

WAI:

Water absorption index

WSI:

Water solubility index

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Aknowledgment

This work was funded by Project multi-05 supported by Cinvestav-IPN in the program multidisciplinary projects. We thank the technical support of Javier Luévano-Borrel and Regina Basurto-Ríos.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unidad de Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav-IPN), Unidad Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000. Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico

    Ana Priscila García Rodríguez, Marcela Gaytán Martínez & Fernando Martínez Bustos

  2. Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Cinvestav-IPN, Unidad Zacatenco, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508. Col, 07360, San Pedro Zacatenco, DF, Mexico

    Josefina Barrera-Cortés

  3. Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, (Cinvestav-IPN), Unidad Irapuato, Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, 36500, Irapuato, GTO, Mexico

    Jorge E. Ibarra

Authors
  1. Ana Priscila García Rodríguez
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  2. Marcela Gaytán Martínez
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  3. Josefina Barrera-Cortés
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  5. Fernando Martínez Bustos
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Correspondence to Fernando Martínez Bustos.

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Rodríguez, A.P.G., Martínez, M.G., Barrera-Cortés, J. et al. Bio-insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis spores encapsulated with amaranth derivatized starches: studies on the propagation “in vitro”. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 38, 329–339 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-014-1273-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-014-1273-7

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