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Identification of cholinergic cells with chemosensory traits in the porcine uterus

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Abstract

Chemosensory cells are specialized epithelial cells that act as sentinels near body entry sites. The majority of these cells express a cholinergic phenotype and utilize the taste signaling system to monitor the mucosal environment for potentially harmful substances, triggering protective reflexes. We report the identification of cells with a putative chemosensory role in the uterus. Presumptive chemosensory cells were immunoreactive to key components of the taste transduction, including the transient receptor potential channel M5 (TRPM5) and the phospholipase Cβ2 (PLCB2). These cells localized to endometrial glandular and luminal epithelia, while absent from myometrium and perimetrium. Double immunofluorescence revealed co-expression of chemosensory cell markers with the acetylcholine (ACh) synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Further, we investigated the regional distribution and expression of chemosensory cells at different stages of the estrous cycle. Uteri were collected postmortem from gilts and stages of the ovarian cycle were determined macroscopically. The uteri were classified into three groups: prepubertal (PB), follicular (FOL), or luteal (LUT). The number of ChAT-immunoreactive cells was increased in the luminal epithelium in the caudal compartment compared to the cranial region of the uterine horn, and at the LUT compared to PB and FOL stages. An increase in ChAT protein abundance in LUT uterine homogenates was noted, although not followed by an increase in ACh content. In summary, our study has identified a hitherto unrecognized cholinergic cell in the uterus that has chemosensory traits and may be involved in a multitude of biological processes.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Paul Cooke (University of Florida) for providing the chemiluminescent western blot scanner.

Funding

This work was partially supported by 1OT2OD026582 (PI, LRR).

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  1. Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, PO Box 100144, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA

    Mariana Sponchiado, Yan-Shin Liao & Leah R. Reznikov

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  1. Mariana Sponchiado
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  2. Yan-Shin Liao
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Contributions

M.S. and L.R.R. designed the study. M.S. and Y-S.L. performed the experiments. M.S. analyzed the data, prepared the figures, and drafted the manuscript. L.R.R. supervised the study and corrected the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Leah R. Reznikov.

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Procedures involving animals were conducted in accordance with Institutional guidelines and approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Florida (Studies # 202111437 and 201910604).

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Sponchiado, M., Liao, YS. & Reznikov, L.R. Identification of cholinergic cells with chemosensory traits in the porcine uterus. Cell Tissue Res 388, 33–47 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-022-03585-1

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