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Maternal active or passive smoking causes oxidative stress in placental tissue

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of active and passive maternal smoking on placenta total oxidant/antioxidant status in term infants. The levels of cord blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured in samples of fetal placental tissue, cord blood, and the maternal peripheral blood serum and from 19 mothers who were active smokers, 19 who were passive smokers, and 22 who were nonsmokers (not exposed to active or passive smoking). The pregnancies were between 37 and 40 weeks' gestation, were uncomplicated, and the infants were delivered vaginally. Birth weight and head circumference in the active smokers were significantly (P < 0.001) lower than those in the controls. Placenta, cord blood, and the maternal peripheral TAC levels were significantly lower in the active smokers compared with the controls (P < 0.001), while TOS and OSI levels were significantly higher in the active and passive smokers than in the controls (P < 0.001). A positive significant correlation was found between active maternal smoking and placenta TOS and OSI levels (P < 0.016), and a significant negative correlation was found between number of cigarettes exposed to and birthweight and head circumference (P < 0.05). In conclusion, active or passive maternal smoking is associated with important alterations in oxidant and antioxidant balance in fetal placental tissue and causes potent oxidative stress.

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Abbreviations

TAC:

total antioxidant capacity

TOS:

total oxidant status

OSI:

Oxidative stress index

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Acknowledgements

We are most grateful to the technical staff of the Laboratory and Delivery Unit at Sanliurfa Women's Hospital and Harran University Medical Faculty Research Hospital Biochemistry Department for their assistance in conducting this study.

Declaration of competing ınterests

We wish to disclose a competing interest(s) such as those defined above or others that may be perceived to influence the results and discussion reported in this paper.

Institutional competing ınterests

We aware that our academic institution or employment has not a financial interest in or a financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Faculty Pediatric Hematology Department, Harran University, 63200, Sanliurfa, Turkey

    Ali Aycicek & Koc Ahmet

  2. Medical Faculty Pediatrics Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey

    Mustafa Varma

  3. Medical Faculty, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey

    Kocyigit Abdurrahim

  4. Clinical Biochemistry Department, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Ozcan Erel

Authors
  1. Ali Aycicek
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  2. Mustafa Varma
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  3. Koc Ahmet
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  4. Kocyigit Abdurrahim
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  5. Ozcan Erel
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Correspondence to Ali Aycicek.

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Aycicek, A., Varma, M., Ahmet, K. et al. Maternal active or passive smoking causes oxidative stress in placental tissue. Eur J Pediatr 170, 645–651 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-010-1338-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-010-1338-9

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