Abstract
Main conclusion
Open-Top Chambers should be more used in tropical ecosystems to study climate change effects in plants as they are still insufficient to extract plant response patterns in these ecosystems.
Abstract
Understanding flora response to climate change (CC) is critical for predicting future ecosystem dynamics. Open-Top Chambers (OTCs) have been widely used to study the effects of CC on plants and are very popular in temperate ecosystems but are still underused in tropical regions. In this systematic review, we aimed to discuss the use of OTCs in the study of the effects of different agents of climate change on tropical flora by presenting scientometric data, discussing the technical aspects of its use and enumerating some observations on plant response patterns to climatic alterations in the tropics. Our analysis indicated that the bottleneck in choosing an OTC shape is not strictly related to its purpose or the type of parameter modulated; instead, passive or active approaches seem to be a more sensitive point. The common critical point in using this technique in warmer regions is overheating and decoupling, but it can be overcome with simple adaptations and extra features. The most frequently parameter modulated was CO2, followed by O3 and temperature. The plant families with more representatives in the studies analyzed were Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, and Poaceae, and the most represented biome was tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests. In conclusion, OTCs are a valuable and feasible tool to study CC effects on various tropical ecosystems, regardless of structure, active/passive approach, or other technical features. One of the primary advantages of this methodology is its applicability for in situ use, eliminating the need for plant transplantation. We encourage studies using OTC experimental design for plant conservation in the tropics.
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The Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) has supported this work. The authors also thank Vitor G. Cunha for the map’s graphic production. They thank the assertive comments and suggestions of anonymous journal reviewers and the editor.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection were performed by Amanda Santos de Alencar, and Catarina da Fonseca Lira. Data analysis was performed by Amanda Santos de Alencar, Catarina da F. Lira, and reviewed by Bruno H. P. Rosado. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Amanda Santos de Alencar. Careful revisions on the manuscript were made by Vidal de F Mansanoand. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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de Alencar, A.S., da F Lira, C., Rosado, B.H.P. et al. Twenty-five years of Open-Top Chambers in tropical environments: where, how, and what are we looking at regarding flora response to climate change?. Planta 259, 82 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04356-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-024-04356-8