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Nitric oxide enhances development of lateral roots in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under elevated carbon dioxide

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Abstract

Elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) has been shown to enhance the growth and development of plants, especially of roots. Amongst them, lateral roots play an important role in nutrient uptake, and thus alleviate the nutrient limitation to plant growth under elevated CO2. This paper examined the mechanism underlying CO2 elevation-induced lateral root formation in tomato. The endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in roots was detected by the specific probe 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate (DAF-FM DA). We suggest that CO2 elevation-induced NO accumulation was important for lateral root formation. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the activity of nitric oxide synthase in roots, but not nitrate reductase activity. Moreover, the pharmacological evidence showed that nitric oxide synthase rather than nitrate reductase was responsible for CO2 elevation-induced NO accumulation. Elevated CO2 enhanced the activity of nitric oxide synthase and promoted production of NO, which was involved in lateral root formation in tomato under elevated CO2.

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Abbreviations

cPTIO:

2-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide

DAF-FM DA:

4-Amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate

l-NAME:

N G-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester

LR:

Lateral root

NO:

Nitric oxide

NOS:

Nitric oxide synthase

NR:

Nitrate reductase

SNP:

Sodium nitroprusside

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Project of Transformation Fund for Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements of China [2010GB23600669] and the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China [973 Program, no. 2009CB119003].We are thankful to the 985-Institute of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences of Zhejiang University for providing the experimental equipment. CT was supported by Australian Research Council through the Linkage Projects funding scheme [LP100200757].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Huan Wang, Wendan Xiao, Rushan Chai & Yongsong Zhang

  2. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Yaofang Niu & Chongwei Jin

  3. Department of Agricultural Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia

    Caixian Tang

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  1. Huan Wang
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  2. Wendan Xiao
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  3. Yaofang Niu
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  7. Yongsong Zhang
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Correspondence to Yongsong Zhang.

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Wang, H., Xiao, W., Niu, Y. et al. Nitric oxide enhances development of lateral roots in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under elevated carbon dioxide. Planta 237, 137–144 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-012-1763-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-012-1763-2

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