Abstract
The Arabidopsis Cape Verde Islands (Cvi-0) ecotype is known to differ from other ecotypes with respect to environmental stress responses. We analyzed the stomatal behavior of Cvi-0 plants, in response to environmental signals. We investigated the responses of stomatal conductance and aperture to high [CO2] in the Cvi-0 and Col-0 ecotypes. Cvi-0 showed constitutively higher stomatal conductance and more stomatal opening than Col-0. Cvi-0 stomata opened in response to light, but the response was slow. Under low humidity, stomatal opening was increased in Cvi-0 compared to Col-0. We then assessed whether low humidity affects endogenous ABA levels in Cvi-0. In response to low humidity, Cvi-0 had much higher ABA levels than Col-0. However, epidermal peels experiments showed that Cvi-0 stomata were insensitive to ABA. Measurements of organic and inorganic ions in Cvi-0 guard cell protoplasts indicated an over-accumulation of osmoregulatory anions (malate and Cl−). This irregular anion homeostasis in the guard cells may explain the constitutive stomatal opening phenotypes of the Cvi-0 ecotype, which lacks high [CO2]-induced and low humidity-induced stomatal closure.
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Abbreviations
- ABA:
-
Abscisic acid
- FACE:
-
Free air CO2 enrichment
- FW:
-
Fresh weight
- GCP:
-
Guard cell protoplast
- g s :
-
Stomatal conductance
- JA:
-
Jasmonic acid
- O3 :
-
Ozone
- RH:
-
Relative humidity
- SA:
-
Salicylic acid
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Acknowledgments
We thank Drs. Nobuharu Goto and Osamu Matsuda for their helpful discussion. We also thank Ms. Naomi Kawahara for the technical assistance. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 21114002) from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan, and by the Program for Promotion of Basic and Applied Researches for Innovations in Bio-oriented Industry (BRAIN).
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Monda, K., Negi, J., Iio, A. et al. Environmental regulation of stomatal response in the Arabidopsis Cvi-0 ecotype. Planta 234, 555–563 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1424-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1424-x