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Flowering and expression of flowering-related genes under long-day conditions with light-emitting diodes

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Abstract

The effects of light quality on flowering time were investigated in Gypsophila paniculata, which is a long-day cut flower, and with Arabidopsis under long-day conditions with light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Gypsophila paniculata plants were grown under natural daylight and flowering was controlled by long-day treatment with a weak LED light of a single color in the night. Flowering was promoted not by blue light, but by far-red light in G. paniculata, while flowering was promoted by both light colors in Arabidopsis. FT homologs of G. paniculata GpFT1 and GpFT2 were differentially expressed under long-day conditions with white light, suggesting that they play roles in flowering at different stages of reproductive development. GpFTs and FT gene expression was not induced by far-red light in G. paniculata or Arabidopsis. Instead, the expression of the SOC1 homolog of G. paniculata GpSOC1 and SOC1 was induced by far-red light in G. paniculata and Arabidopsis. Flowering was promoted by induction of FT and SOC1 expression with blue light in Arabidopsis, whereas GpFTs and GpSOC1 expression was low with blue light induction in G. paniculata. The relationship between flowering and the expression of FT and SOC1 in Arabidopsis was confirmed with ft and soc1 mutants. These results suggest that long-day conditions with far-red light promote flowering through SOC1 and its homologs, while the conditions with blue light do not promote flowering in G. paniculata, because of low expression of GpFTs and GpSOC1 in contrast to that in Arabidopsis.

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Abbreviations

FT:

Flowering Locus T

SOC1:

Suppressor of overexpression of constans 1

LEDs:

Light-emitting diodes

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (Ohio) for providing seeds of Ler-0, Col-0 and the ft-1 mutant, and Dr. R. Amasino (University of Wisconsin) for providing seeds of the soc1-2 mutant. The authors also thank Mr. Murakawa for his help.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan

    Yoshimi Hori, Koji Nishidate, Manabu Nishiyama, Koki Kanahama & Yoshinori Kanayama

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  1. Yoshimi Hori
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  2. Koji Nishidate
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  4. Koki Kanahama
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Correspondence to Yoshinori Kanayama.

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Supplementary data Fig. S1 Induction of AP1 and FUL gene expression in Arabidopsis ft-1 mutant transformed with GpFT1 and GpFT2. Arabidopsis ft-1 mutant plants were transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens with the pBI121 binary vector containing GpFT1 or GpFT2 cDNA between a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and nopaline synthase terminator as described previously (Deguchi et al. 2006). RNA was extracted from 19-day-old transgenic Arabidopsis for RT-PCR using gene-specific primers. PCR products were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis and stained with ethidium bromide. WT, wild-type; GF-1 and GF-2, ft-1 mutant plants transformed with GpFT1 and GpFT2, respectively; UBQ, ubiquitin as a control.

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Hori, Y., Nishidate, K., Nishiyama, M. et al. Flowering and expression of flowering-related genes under long-day conditions with light-emitting diodes. Planta 234, 321–330 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1397-9

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