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1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase (IDS) is encoded by multicopy genes in gymnosperms Ginkgo biloba and Pinus taeda

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Abstract

Isoprenoids are synthesized through the condensation of five-carbon intermediates, isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), derived from two distinct biosynthetic routes: cytosolic mevalonate (MVA) and plastidial 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathways. 1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase (IDS; EC 1.17.1.2), which catalyzes the last step of MEP pathway, was cloned as a multicopy gene from gymnosperms Ginkgo biloba (GbIDS1, GbIDS2, and GbIDS2-1) and Pinus taeda (PtIDS1 and PtIDS2), and characterized. Phylogenetic tree constructed with other plant IDSs demonstrated gymnosperm IDSs were distinctively different from angiosperm IDSs. The gymnosperm IDS clade contained two subclades, one composed of GbIDS1 and PtIDS1, and the other composed of GbIDS2, GbIDS2-1, and PtIDS2. G. biloba IDSs, except GbIDS2-1, successfully complemented Escherichia coli DLYT1, a lytB disruptant, confirming the in vivo competency of isozymes. During the 4 weeks study period, although transcript levels of GbIDS1s were similar both in roots and leaves of cultured G. biloba embryo, the transcripts of GbIDS2 predominantly occurred in the embryo roots, where diterpene ginkgolides are biosynthesized. Levels of PtIDS2 transcripts in the diterpenoid resin-producing wood were 4–5 times higher than those in other tissues. Higher levels of GbIDS1 transcripts were induced by light, whereas those of GbIDS2 were increased by methyl jasmonate treatment. These results strongly imply GbIDS2 and PtIDS2 have high correlation with secondary metabolism. In Arabidopsis transient expression system, N-terminal 100 amino acid residues of GbIDS1 delivered fused GFP protein into chloroplast as well as cytosol and nucleus, whereas those of GbIDS2, GbIDS2-1, and two PtIDSs delivered GFP only into chloroplast.

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Abbreviations

DMAPP:

Dimethylallyl diphosphate

DXR:

1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase

DXS:

1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase

GAP:

d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

HMBPP:

1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate

IDI:

Isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase

IPP:

Isopentenyl diphosphate

MEP:

2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate

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Acknowledgments

The authors appreciate support from the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF 981-0608-040-2) through PMRC, and the Brain Korea 21 program administered by the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development, Korea, through the Graduate School of Agricultural Biotechnology, SNU.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program in Applied Life Chemistry, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-921, Korea

    Sang-Min Kim, Yung-Jin Chang & Soo-Un Kim

  2. Laboratory of Cell Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Tomohisa Kuzuyama

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0817, Japan

    Akio Kobayashi & Tomoki Sando

  4. Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 449-701, Korea

    Soo-Un Kim

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  1. Sang-Min Kim
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  2. Tomohisa Kuzuyama
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  3. Akio Kobayashi
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  4. Tomoki Sando
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  5. Yung-Jin Chang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Soo-Un Kim.

Additional information

GenBank accession numbers: GbIDS1 (DQ251631) · GbIDS2 (DQ251633) · GbIDS2-1 (DQ251632) · PtIDS1 (EF095154) · PtIDS2 (EF095155).

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Kim, SM., Kuzuyama, T., Kobayashi, A. et al. 1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate reductase (IDS) is encoded by multicopy genes in gymnosperms Ginkgo biloba and Pinus taeda . Planta 227, 287–298 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-007-0616-x

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