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Deficits of spatial localization in children with strabismic amblyopia

  • Clinical Investigation
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Abstract

Background

Besides loss of visual acuity and binocularity, spatial localization deficits (comprising both increased spatial uncertainty and spatial distortions) are an important feature of strabismic amblyopia. Although they have been extensively investigated in adult amblyopes, there are still many open questions concerning their substrate and relationship to clinical parameters. Our aim was to develop a procedure for assessing vertical alignment, which enabled us to find out whether children with strabismic amblyopia had similar spatial localization deficits, and their relation to the children’s clinical condition.

Methods

Vertical alignment was assessed in children by comparing the visual direction in space of three loci along the vertical meridian, separated by 5 deg of visual angle. We tested alignment in the amblyopic and dominant eyes of 32 strabismic and in both eyes of 35 control children from 4.5 to 10 years, together with a careful orthoptic examination.

Results

In the amblyopic eyes, increased uncertainty and systematic distortions outside the normal range occurred. Large angles of deviation and pathological fixation patterns were necessary, but not sufficient conditions for gross spatial deficits to occur. The fellow dominant eyes showed spatial localization similar to normal eyes.

Conclusions

Children with strabismic amblyopia exhibited localization deficits and relationship to clinical data similar to those in adult amblyopes. These data are important for further investigations about the substrate, plasticity and the clinical relevance of perceptual distortions.

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Acknowledgements

Author M.F. was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Fr 1312/1-1 and 1-2). Thanks are due to Professors C. Ohrloff and W. Singer for support of this study, to the ophthalmologists and orthoptists who referred patients to our lab and made careful orthoptic examinations (PD Dr. D. Friedrich, Dr. U. Aschoff, M. Theisen, I. Bachert, A. Büttner-Cordey, H. Bartz, B. Herrmann, M. Murtro), and to our patients and their parents for their collaboration. We gratefully acknowledge the secretarial assistance of S. Klekar, help with statistics by Dr. Tews from the Biomathematics Department, and M. Mulvahill for language assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt/Main, Germany

    Maria Fronius & Ruxandra Sireteanu

  2. Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Germany

    Maria Fronius & Alina Zubcov

  3. Department of Psychology, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany

    Ruxandra Sireteanu

  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Ruxandra Sireteanu

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  1. Maria Fronius
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Correspondence to Maria Fronius.

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Fronius, M., Sireteanu, R. & Zubcov, A. Deficits of spatial localization in children with strabismic amblyopia. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 242, 827–839 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-004-0936-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-004-0936-5

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