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Sedimentary recycling in arc magmas: geochemical and U–Pb–Hf–O constraints on the Mesoproterozoic Suldal Arc, SW Norway

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Abstract

The Hardangervidda-Rogaland Block within southwest Norway is host to ~1.52 to 1.48 Ga continental building and variable reworking during the ~1.1 to 0.9 Ga Sveconorwegian orogeny. Due to the lack of geochronological and geochemical data, the timing and tectonic setting of early Mesoproterozoic magmatism has long been ambiguous. This paper presents zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotope data combined with whole-rock geochemistry to address the age and petrogenesis of basement units within the Suldal region, located in the centre of the Hardangervidda-Rogaland Block. The basement comprises variably deformed grey gneisses and granitoids that petrologically and geochemically resemble mature volcanic arc lithologies. U–Pb ages confirm that magmatism occurred from ~1,521 to 1,485 Ma, and conspicuously lack any xenocrystic inheritance of distinctly older crust. Hafnium isotope data range from εHf(initial) +1 to +11, suggesting a rather juvenile magmatic source, but with possible involvement of late Palaeoproterozoic crust. Oxygen isotope data range from mantle-like (δ18O ~5 ‰) to elevated (~10 ‰) suggesting involvement of low-temperature altered material (e.g., supracrustal rocks) in the magma source. The Hf–O isotope array is compatible with mixing between mantle-derived material with young low-temperature altered material (oceanic crust/sediments) and older low-temperature altered material (continent-derived sediments). This, combined with a lack of xenoliths and xenocrysts, exposed older crust, AFC trends and S-type geochemistry, all point to mixing within a deep-crustal magma-generation zone. A proposed model comprises accretion of altered oceanic crust and the overlying sediments to a pre-existing continental margin, underthrusting to the magma-generation zone and remobilisation during arc magmatism. The geodynamic setting for this arc magmatism is comparable with that seen in the Phanerozoic (e.g., the Sierra Nevada and Coast Range batholiths), with compositions in the Suldal Sector reaching those of average upper continental crust. As within these younger examples, factors that drive magmatism towards the composition of the average continental crust include the addition of sedimentary material to magma source regions, and delamination of cumulate material. Underthrusting of sedimentary materials and their subsequent involvement in arc magmatism is perhaps a more widespread mechanism involved in continental growth than is currently recognised. Finally, the Suldal Arc magmatism represents a significant juvenile crustal addition to SW Fennoscandia.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by a NERC studentship (NER/S/A/2006/14155) to NMWR, and grants NIGFSC IP/994/1107 and NERC IMF 354/1008 to RRP. The authors thank Tom Andersen and Ilya Bindeman for constructive comments that improved the manuscript. The Nordsim facility is operated under an agreement between the research funding agencies of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, the Geological Survey of Finland and the Swedish Museum of Natural History. This is NORDSIM contribution number 331.

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  1. Department of Geology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK

    Nick M. W. Roberts, Randall R. Parrish & Michael J. Norry

  2. NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK

    Nick M. W. Roberts, Randall R. Parrish & Matthew S. A. Horstwood

  3. Geological Survey of Norway, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Trond Slagstad & Mogens Marker

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  1. Nick M. W. Roberts
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Roberts, N.M.W., Slagstad, T., Parrish, R.R. et al. Sedimentary recycling in arc magmas: geochemical and U–Pb–Hf–O constraints on the Mesoproterozoic Suldal Arc, SW Norway. Contrib Mineral Petrol 165, 507–523 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-012-0820-y

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