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Handheld computer-navigated constrained total knee arthroplasty for complex extra-articular deformities

  • Knee Arthroplasty
  • Published:
Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

The present study aimed to assess the postoperative alignment and clinical outcomes of patients with complex extra-articular deformities (EADs) undergoing computer-assisted surgery (CAS) for constrained total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with modular stem extensions.

Materials and methods

From May 2015 to July 2018, ten patients with EADs scheduled for constrained TKA were enrolled retrospectively. The preoperative average deviation from neutral (= 180°) mechanical axis was 15.3° (range of coronal alignment: 150.9° varus–202.9° valgus). Alignment was assessed using an accelerometer-based handheld CAS system. On long-leg films, the positions of the components and possible stems were analysed and templated preoperatively. The average follow-up was 3.3 years (range: 2.0–4.6 years).

Results

The postoperative mechanical axis was within ± 3.0° from neutral in nine patients. In all patients, the Knee Society score (KSS) and range of motion improved significantly. A constrained condylar and a rotating hinge prosthesis were used in five patients each. In eight patients, the 100-mm cementless stem that was preferred by the authors was found to be unusable for the femur or the tibia in the planning stage. For the femur, a cementless 100-mm stem was used in three, and a cemented 30-mm stem in five patients; a femoral stem was not usable in two patients. For the tibia, a cementless 100-mm stem was used in six, and a cemented 30-mm stem in two patients; a monoblock rotating hinge tibia was used in two patients.

Conclusions

Complex EADs were excellently managed during constrained TKA implantation using the handheld CAS system. Templating allowed the possible stem lengths to be identified and prevented anatomical conflict with the CAS-configured mechanical alignment. Limb alignment and function improved significantly after surgery. No intra- or postoperative complications occurred.

Level of evidence

Level IV, retrospective study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Hospital Stolzalpe (LKH Murtal), Stolzalpe 38, 8852, Stolzalpe, Austria

    M. Pietsch, M. Hochegger, O. Djahani, G. Mlaker & M. Eder-Halbedl

  2. Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria

    Th. Hofstädter

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  1. M. Pietsch
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  2. M. Hochegger
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest regarding this manuscript. Outside the manuscript, one or more of the authors are consultants of Zimmer Biomet.

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Pietsch, M., Hochegger, M., Djahani, O. et al. Handheld computer-navigated constrained total knee arthroplasty for complex extra-articular deformities. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 141, 2245–2254 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-021-04053-1

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