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Volume and neuron number of the lateral geniculate nucleus in schizophrenia and mood disorders

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Abstract

Subjects with schizophrenia show deficits in visual perception that suggest changes predominantly in the magnocellular pathway and/or the dorsal visual stream important for visiospatial perception. We previously found a substantial 25% reduction in neuron number of the primary visual cortex (Brodmann’s area 17, BA17) in postmortem tissue from subjects with schizophrenia. Also, many studies have found reduced volume and neuron number of the pulvinar—the large thalamic association nucleus involved in higher-order visual processing. Here, we investigate if the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), the visual relay nucleus of the thalamus, has structural changes in schizophrenia. We used stereological methods based on unbiased principles of sampling (Cavalieri’s principle and the optical fractionator) to estimate the total volume and neuron number of the magno- and parovocellular parts of the left LGN in postmortem brains from nine subjects with schizophrenia, seven matched normal comparison subjects and 13 subjects with mood disorders. No significant schizophrenia-related structural differences in volume or neuron number of the left LGN or its major subregions were found, but we did observe a significantly increased total volume of the LGN, and of the parvocellular lamina and interlaminar regions, in the mood group. These findings do not support the hypothesis that subjects with schizophrenia have structural changes in the LGN. Therefore, our previous observation of a schizophrenia-related reduction of the primary visual cortex is probably not secondary to a reduction in the LGN.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ruth Henteleff, Dianne Cruz, and Mary Brady for excellent technical assistance, and Sue Johnston, Jenny Hwang, and the Clinical Services Core of the NIMH Conte Center for the Neuroscience of Mental Disorders for diagnostic assessments. Allan Sampson is a statistical consultant for Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC. David A. Lewis currently receives research support from the BMS Foundation, Merck and Pfizer and in 2006–2008 served as a consultant to Bristol-Meyer Squibb, Lilly, Merck, Neurogen, Pfizer, Hoffman-Roche, Sepracor and Wyeth. The project described was supported by Grants Numbers MH43784 and MH45156 from the National Institute of Mental Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Mental Health or the National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Karl-Anton Dorph-Petersen, Damira Caric, Ramin Saghafi & David A. Lewis

  2. Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Wei Zhang & Allan R. Sampson

  3. Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    David A. Lewis

  4. Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Skovagervej 2, 8240, Risskov, Denmark

    Karl-Anton Dorph-Petersen

  5. Department of Psychiatry, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA

    Damira Caric

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  1. Karl-Anton Dorph-Petersen
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Correspondence to Karl-Anton Dorph-Petersen.

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The project described was supported by Grants Numbers MH43784 and MH45156 from the National Institute of Mental Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Mental Health or the National Institutes of Health.

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Dorph-Petersen, KA., Caric, D., Saghafi, R. et al. Volume and neuron number of the lateral geniculate nucleus in schizophrenia and mood disorders. Acta Neuropathol 117, 369–384 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-008-0410-2

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