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Isosorbide spacer containing gemini surfactants: surface and biochemical study

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Abstract

Three novel sugar (isosorbide (isb)) spacer-based cationic gemini surfactants (m-isb-m, m = 12, 14 or 16 denoted as 7–9, respectively) have been synthesized and characterized. Micellization and surface properties of 7–9 are obtained by surface tension and conductivity measurements. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface parameter data demonstrate the superiority over conventional polymethylene spacer-based gemini surfactants. Presence of isb as a spacer causes lowering of Krafft temperature (and increase of solubility). Plasmid DNA binding with 7–9 has been reported using agarose gel electrophoresis at different N+/P− molar ratios. Gemini 7 showed better DNA binding over others (8 or 9). Comparative cytotoxicity analyses, using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for normal (L132) and cancerous (A549) human lung cells, have revealed that gemini 9 is having a potential to treat the A549 without affecting L132 at the same concentration. Geminis (7–9) with different N+/P molar ratios (0.2 μg DNA fixed) act as cell viable media for A549 and could be used as a potential vector for gene transfection. Gemini 7 shows similar potential even at higher fixed value of DNA (1.0 μg). However, 8 and 9 work oppositely.

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Acknowledgment

Kushan Parikh is thankful to the UGC BSR RFSMS, New Delhi, India, for financial support to carry out this work (F. No. 7-303/2010(BSR)). Authors are also thankful to the Head, Department of Chemistry, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, for providing research facilities. The help rendered by Dr. Anuradha S. Nerurkar in surface tension measurements is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Soft Material Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, India

    Kushan Parikh

  2. Department of Biochemistry, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, India

    Bhavesh Mistry & Sarita Gupta

  3. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, India

    Sarmita Jana, Tejal Gajaria & Ranjitsinh V. Devkar

  4. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Technology & Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, India

    Sanjeev Kumar

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Parikh, K., Mistry, B., Jana, S. et al. Isosorbide spacer containing gemini surfactants: surface and biochemical study. Colloid Polym Sci 293, 1437–1446 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-015-3528-5

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