Abstract
Poly(2-chloroethyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) can exhibit lower critical solution temperature-type phase behavior reversibly by tuning the solvent composition in mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and hexane. The effect of solvent composition and polymer concentration on cloud point of polymer solution was investigated. The cloud point temperature for high molecular weight polymer was lower than that for lower molecular weight polymer. High resolution 1H NMR spectra in mixed solvent of THF-d 8 and hexane were also measured for comprehending thermoresponsive behavior of polymer solution in molecular level; however, any discontinuous change in the NMR signals around the cloud point could not be recognized.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gil ES, Hudson SM (2004) Stimuli-reponsive polymers and their bioconjugates. Prog Polym Sci 29:1173–1222. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2004.08.003
Aoshima S, Kanaoka S (2009) A renaissance in living cationic polymerization. Chem Rev 109:5245–5287. doi:10.1021/cr900225g
Liu F, Urban MW (2010) Recent advances and challenges in designing stimuli-responsive polymers. Prog Polym Sci 35:3–23. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2009.10.002
Maresov EA, Semenov AN (2008) Mesoglobule morphologies of amphiphilic polymers. Macromolecules 41:9439–9457. doi:10.1021/ma801260g
Dimitrov I, Trzebicka B, Müller AHE, Dworak A, Tsvetanov CB (2007) Thermosensitive water-soluble copolymers with doubly responsive reversibly interacting entities. Prog Polym Sci 32:1275–1343. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.07.001
Schild HG (1992) Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): experiment, theory and application. Prog Polym Sci 17:163–249. doi:10.1016/0079-6700(92)90023-R
Bajpai AK, Shukla SK, Bhanu S, Kankane S (2008) Responsive polymers in controlled drug delivery. Prog Polym Sci 33:1088–1118. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.07.005
Liu R, Fraylich M, Saunders BR (2009) Thermoresponsive copolymers: from fundamental studies to applications. Colloid Polym Sci 287:627–643. doi:10.1007/s00396-009-2028-x
Jeong B, Gutowska A (2002) Lessons from nature: stimuli-responsive polymers and their biomedical applications. Trends Biotechnol 20:305–311. doi:10.1016/S0167-7799(02)01962-5
Siow KS, Delmas G, Patterson D (1972) Cloud-point curves in polymer solutions with adjacent upper and lower critical solution temperatures. Macromolecules 5:29–34. doi:10.1021/ma60025a008
Konno S, Saeki S, Kuwahara N, Nakata M, Kaneko M (1975) Upper and lower critical solution temperatures in polystyrene solutions. IV. Role of configurational heat capacity. Macromolecules 8:799–804. doi:10.1021/ma60048a023
Bae YC, Lambert SM, Soane DS, Prausnitz JM (1991) Cloud-point curves of polymer solutions from thermooptical measurements. Macromolecules 24:4403–4407. doi:10.1021/ma00015a024
Patterson D, Delmas G, Somcynsky T (1967) A comparison of lower critical solution temperatures of some polymer solutions. Polymer 8:503–516. doi:10.1016/0032-3861(67)90062-6
Burchard W (1969) Thermodynamic solution properties of three polymers exhibiting lower critical solution temperature. Polymer 10:467–475. doi:10.1016/0032-3861(69)90055-X
Cowie JMG, Swinyard B (1990) Location of three critical phase boundaries in poly(acrylic acid)-dioxane solutions. Polymer 31:1507–1513. doi:10.1016/0032-3861(90)90158-U
Cowie JMG, Maconnachie A, Ranson RJ (1971) Phase equilibria in cellulose acetate-acetone solutions. The effect of the degree of substitution and molecular weight on upper and lower critical solution temperatures. Macromolecules 4:57–61. doi:10.1021/ma60019a013
Nies E, Stroeks A, Simha R, Jain RK (1990) LCST phase behavior according to the Simha-Somcynsky theory: application to the n-hexane polyethylene system. Colloid Polym Sci 268:731–743. doi:10.1007/BF01411104
Mugisawa M, Ohnishi K, Sawada H (2007) Preparation of novel fluoroalkyl-end-capped 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid cooligomeric nanoparticles containing adamantane units possessing a lower critical solution temperature characteristic in organic media. Langmuir 23:5848–5851. doi:10.1021/la062060+
Kuroiwa K, Shibata T, Takada A, Nemoto N, Kimizuka N (2004) Heat-set gel-like networks of lipophilic Co(II) triazole complexes in organic media and their thermochromic structural transitions. J Am Chem Soc 126:2016–2021. doi:10.1021/ja037847q
Seno K-I, Kanaoka S, Aoshima S (2008) Synthesis and LCST-type phase separation behavior in organic solvents of poly(vinyl ethers) with pendant imidazolium or pyridinium salts. J Polym Sci part A Polym Chem 46:5724–5733. doi:10.1002/pola.22881
Liu Z, Guo Y, Inomata K (2010) Lower critical solution temperature behavior of poly(2-chloroethyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) in organic media. Polym J 42:901–904. doi:10.1038/pj.2010.84
Schild HG, Muthukumar M, Tirrell DA (1991) Cononsolvency in mixed aqueous solutions of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Macromolecules 24:948–952. doi:10.1021/ma00004a022
Winnik FM, Ottaviani MF, Bossmann SH, Garibay-Garcia M, Turro NJ (1992) Consolvency of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in mixed water-methanol solutions: a look at spin-labeled polymers. Macromolecules 25:6007–6017. doi:10.1021/ma00048a023
Winnik FM, Ottaviani MF, Bossmann SH, Pan W, Garibay-Garcia M, Turro NJ (1993) Cononsolvency of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): a look at spin-labeled polymers in mixtures of water and tetrahydrofuran. Macromolecules 26:4577–4588. doi:10.1021/ma00069a025
Dalkas G, Pagonis K, Bokias G (2006) Control of the lower critical solution temperature-type cononsolvency properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in water-dioxane mixtures through copolymerisation with acrylamide. Polymer 47:243–248. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.10.115
Costa ROR, Freitas RFS (2002) Phase behavior of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in binary aqueous solutions. Polymer 43:5879–5885. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00507-4
Tanaka F, Koga T, Kojima H, Winnik FM (2009) Temperature- and tension-induced coil–globule transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) chains in water and mixed solvent of water/methanol. Macromolecules 42:1321–1330. doi:10.1021/ma801982e
Zhang G, Wu C (2001) The water/methanol complexation induced reentrant coil-to-globule-to-coil transition of individual homopolymer chains in extremely dilute solution. J Am Chem Soc 123:1376–1380. doi:10.1021/ja003889s
Yamauchi H, Maeda Y (2007) LCST and UCST behavior of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in DMSO/water mixed solvents studied by IR and micro-Raman spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 111:12964–12968. doi:10.1021/jp072438s
Kouřilová H, Hanyková L, Spĕvácčk J (2009) NMR study of phase separation in D2O/ethanol solutions of poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) induced by solvent composition and temperature. Eur Polym J 45:2935–2941. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.06.011
Liu M, Bian F, Sheng F (2005) FTIR study on molecular structure of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in mixed solvent of methanol and water. Eur Polym J 41:283–291. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.09.008
Inomata K, Kasuya M, Sugimoto H, Nakanishi E (2005) Effect of helix-coil transition on association behavior of both-ends hydrophobically-modified water-soluble polypeptide. Polymer 46:10035–10044. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.049
Gao J, Zhai G, Song Y, Jiang B (2008) Multidimensionally stimuli-responsive phase transition of aqueous solutions of poly((N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) and poly(N,N-dimethyl-N-(methacryloyl)ethyl ammonium butane sulfonate. J Appl Polym Sci 107:3548–3556. doi:10.1002/app.26683
Yamamoto K, Serizawa T, Akashi M (2003) Synthesis and thermosensitive properties of poly[(N-vinylamide)-co-(vinyl acetate)]s and their hydrogels. Macromol Chem Phys 204:1027–1033. doi:10.1002/macp.200390073
Mori T, Shiota Y, Minagawa K, Tanaka M (2005) Alternative approach to the design of thermosensitive polymers: the addition of hydrophobic groups to the ends of hydrophilic polyether. J Polym Sci part A Polym Chem 43:1007–1013. doi:10.1002/pola.20563
Hua F, Jiang X, Li D, Zhao B (2006) Well-defined thermosensitive, water-soluble polyacrylates and polystyrenics with short pendant oligo(ethylene glycol) groups synthesized by nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization. J Polym Sci part A Polym Chem 44:2454–2467. doi:10.1002/pola.21357
Liu Z, Guo Y, Inomata K (2011) LCST-type phase behavior of poly(2-chloroethyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) in n-butyl acetate. Polym J (submitted)
Starovoytova L, Spĕváček J (2006) Effect of time on the hydration and temperature-induced phase separation in aqueous polymer solutions. 1H NMR study. Polymer 47:7329–7334. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2006.08.002
Starovoytova L, Spĕváček J, Hanyková L, ΙΙavský M (2004) 1H NMR study of thermotropic phase transitions in D2O solutions of poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide)/poly(vinyl methyl ether) mixtures. Polymer 45:5905–5911. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.06.041
Starovoytova L, Spĕváček J, ΙΙavský M (2005) 1H NMR study of temperature-induced phase transitions in D2O solutions of poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide)/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) mixtures and random copolymers. Polymer 46:677–683. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.11.089
Spĕváček J, Hanyková L, ΙΙavský M (2001) Phase separation in poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide)/D2O solutions and physical gels as studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Macromol Chem Phys 202:1122–1129
Starovoytova L, Spĕváček J, Trchová M (2007) 1H NMR and IR study of temperature-induced phase transition of negatively charged poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide-co-sodium methacrylate) copolymers in aqueous solutions. Eur Polym J 43:5001–5009. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.09.002
Spĕváček J (2009) NMR investigations of phase transition in aqueous polymer solutions and gels. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 14:184–191. doi:10.1016/j.cocis.2008.10.003
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, Z., Guo, Y. & Inomata, K. Reversible thermoresponsive behavior of poly(2-chloroethyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) in mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran/hexane. Colloid Polym Sci 289, 791–798 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-011-2395-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-011-2395-y