Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Clinical characteristic of spinal vascular malformation in pediatric patients

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Child's Nervous System Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

Seventy-two pediatric spinal vascular malformation cases were reviewed and the characteristics of their clinical symptoms, diagnoses, and therapies were analyzed.

Materials and methods

A thorough overview was compiled examining patient sex, age, location, history, development, treatment, clinical, and anatomical results.

Results

Spinal cord arteriovenous malformation was the most common (44.4%) subtype to be seen in these pediatric patients, while subdural perimedullary arteriovenous fistula (23.6%) was the second, followed by Cobb’s syndrome (13.9%) and intramedullary cavernous angioma (5.6%). No spinal dual arteriovenous fistulae were found in infants. The highest incidence was seen during the infant and adolescent periods. Sixty-nine cases were treated by surgeries, embolizations, or a combination of both, and 71.5% of them had improved.

Conclusions

Early diagnosis and treatment are required. Surgery and embolization, or a combination of the two, are the current candidates for treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Frisbie JH (2002) Spinal cord lesions caused by arteriovenous malformation: clinical course and risk of cancer. J Spinal Cord Med 25(4):284–288

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Anson JA, Spetzler RF (1992) Classification of spinal arteriovenous malformations and implications for treatment. BNI Q 8:2–8

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bao YH, Ling F (1997) Classification and therapeutic modalities of spinal vascular malformations in 80 patients. Neurosurgery 40:75–81

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Rodesch G, Hurth M, Alvarez H, Tadie M, Lasjaunias P (2002) Classification of spinal cord arteriovenous shunts: proposal for a reappraisal—the Bicêtre experience with 155 consecutive patients treated between 1981 and 1999. Neurosurgery 51:374–380

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Aminoff MJ, Logue V (1974) The prognosis of patients with spinal vascular malformations. Brain 97:211–218

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Grote EH, Voigt K (1999) Clinical syndromes, natural history and physiopathology of vascular lesions of the spinal cord. Neurosurg Clin North Am 10:17–45

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Gilbertson JR, Miller GM, Goldman MS, Marsh WR (1995) Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: MR and myelographic findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 16(10):2049–2057

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Thron A, Caplan LR (2003) Vascular malformations and interventional neuroradiology of the spinal cord. In: Brandt T, Caplan LR, Dichgans J et al (eds) Neurological disorders: course and treatment. 2nd edn. Amsterdam, Academic, pp 517–528

    Google Scholar 

  9. Garcia-Monaco R, Taylor W et al (1995) Pial arteriovenous fistula in children as revealing manifestation of Rendu–Osler–Weber disease. Neuroradiology 37:60–64

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Rodesch G, Pongpech S, Alvarez H, Zerah M, Hurth M, Sebire G, Lasjaunias P (1995) Spinal cord arteriovenous malformations in a pediatric population (children below 15 years of age): the place of endovascular management. Interv Neuroradiol 1:29–42

    Google Scholar 

  11. Zhang H, Ling F et al (2002) Study on the embryo spinal vascular development and its possible guideline effects to the treatment of spinal vascular malformations. J Chinese Neurosurg 18(3):153–156

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Krings T, Lasjaunias P et al (2006) Spinal vascular malformation, diagnostic and therapeutic management. Clin Neuroradiol 16:217–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ling F (1993) Classifications and treatments of the spinal cord vascular malformations. J Chinese Surg 31(1):1

    Google Scholar 

  14. Rodesch G, Lasjaunias P (2003) Spinal cord arteriovenous shunts: from imaging to management. Eur J Radiol 46:221–232

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Bandhyopadhyay S, Sheth RD (1999) Acute spinal cord infarction: vascular steal in arteriovenous malformation. J Child Neurol 14:685–687

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kataoka H, Miyamoto S et al (2001) Venous congestion is a major cause of neurological deterioration in spinal arteriovenous malformations? Neurosurgery 48:1224–1230

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Rodesch G, Pongpech S, Alvarez H, Zerah M, Hurth M, Sebire G, Lasjaunias P (1995) Spinal cord arteriovenous malformations in a pediatric population. Children below 15 years of age. The place of endovascular treatment. Interv Neuroradiol 1:29–42

    Google Scholar 

  18. Cullen S, Alvarez H et al (2006) Spinal arteriovenous shunts presenting before 2 years of age: analysis of 13 cases. Childs Nerv Syst 22:1103–1110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Dr. Ye Ming and Dr. He Chuan for their help in collecting data for this series.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurological Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China

    Jianxin Du, Feng Ling, Ming Chen & Hongqi Zhang

Authors
  1. Jianxin Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Feng Ling
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ming Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hongqi Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Feng Ling.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Du, J., Ling, F., Chen, M. et al. Clinical characteristic of spinal vascular malformation in pediatric patients. Childs Nerv Syst 25, 473–478 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-008-0737-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-008-0737-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation