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Vascular Malformations of the Spine

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Pediatric Vascular Neurosurgery

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Abstract

Spinal vascular malformation are rare lesions and can present with signs and symptoms ranging from an insidious neurologic decline to acute deterioration depending on the type of vascular malformation and mechanism of spinal cord injury. The most widely accepted classification system is four tiered and includes: Type I, dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF); Type II, intramedullary arteriovenous malformation; Type III, juvenile arteriovenous malformation; and Type IV, intradural perimedullary arteriovenous fistula. Additional spinal vascular lesions include cavernous malformations and spinal aneurysms. Given that the natural history of these lesions in the pediatric population is poorly elucidated, treatment decisions must be individualized. In most circumstances treatment is recommended, as the natural history is believed to be one of neurologic deterioration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orlando Health Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Institute, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA

    Paul M. Foreman

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA

    Philip G. R. Schmalz & Mark R. Harrigan

  3. Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA

    John P. Deveikis

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  1. Paul M. Foreman
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  2. Philip G. R. Schmalz
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  3. John P. Deveikis
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Correspondence to Paul M. Foreman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neuro-Interventional Surgery, Neuro-Interventional Implementation Program, Houston Methodist The Woodlands Hospital, The Woodlands, TX, USA

    Abhishek Agrawal

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA

    Gavin Britz

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Foreman, P.M., Schmalz, P.G.R., Deveikis, J.P., Harrigan, M.R. (2021). Vascular Malformations of the Spine. In: Agrawal, A., Britz, G. (eds) Pediatric Vascular Neurosurgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74749-7_12

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