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Composition of the soil fungal community is more sensitive to phosphorus than nitrogen addition in the alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Abstract

The alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), which is sensitive to global climate change and human activities, is subjected to addition of nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the soil. The impacts of N or P on ecosystem structure and function depend at least partly on the response of soil fungal communities, although few studies have compared the effects of N and P addition, both separately and together. We examined the responses of composition of the soil fungal community to 3-year experimental nutrient additions (control, N, N plus P, and P) in a typical alpine meadow of the QTP. We found that P addition, regardless of N addition, significantly reduced fungal species richness and changed fungal community composition, while the effect of N was undetectable. Nitrogen plus phosphorus caused a more distinct community than either N or P addition alone. Multivariate regression tree, canonical correspondence analysis, and distance-based multivariate linear model analyses all suggested available P was a key parameter determining the diversity and composition of the fungal community. Other parameters such as dissolved organic N, aboveground net primary productivity of forbs, and dissolved organic C played important but secondary roles. The results indicated an important role of P in structuring soil fungal communities in the alpine meadow. Our results suggest that fungal diversity loss and long-term changes in ecosystem stability can result from fertilization management in the fragile alpine environment.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Yuntao Li, Ruibo Sun, Yingying Ni, Kaoping Zhang, and Qian Li for the assistance in sampling work. We also thank the editor and the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East Beijing Road 71, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Dan He, Xingjia Xiang & Haiyan Chu

  2. Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Jin-Sheng He & Chao Wang

  3. Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China

    Guangmin Cao

  4. Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Jonathan Adams

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This study was supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project (973 Program, Grant # 2014CB954002), the Strategic Priority Research Program (Grant # XDB15010101) of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41071121).

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He, D., Xiang, X., He, JS. et al. Composition of the soil fungal community is more sensitive to phosphorus than nitrogen addition in the alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Biol Fertil Soils 52, 1059–1072 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-016-1142-4

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