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Ectomycorrhiza formation and willow growth promotion as affected by associated bacteria: role of microbial metabolites and use of C sources

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Abstract

Biotic interactions affect the impact of potential plant growth promoting microorganisms in the rhizosphere, but their magnitude and fundamentals are often hardly known. In a pot experiment, two physiologically different strains of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus (GUL and FRA) were tested separately and in combination with associated bacteria (Sphingomonas paucimobilis 1 L, Ralstonia pickettii 16 B, Sphingomonas sp. 23 L) on their effects on the growth of willows (Salix viminalis). Both P. involutus strains significantly increased the growth of the willows compared with non-inoculated plants, but the magnitude of this effect was significantly affected by the fungal strain. The P. involutus strain GUL with higher synthesis of auxin-like substances, acid phosphatases, siderophores and faster utilisation of yeast extract in vitro increased the willow growth in situ more effectively than strain FRA. Additionally, dual inoculation with the P. involutus strains GUL and FRA in combination with the associated bacteria promoted the willow growth, especially the combination with S. paucimobilis 1 L. This bacterial strain used effectively C sources which are common components of plant root exudates, e.g. glucose, sucrose, maltose and mannose as well as compounds synthesized by fungi, e.g. trehalose in vitro. We conclude that the analyses of fungal metabolites and of C source use of associated bacteria can successfully contribute to accelerate the selection of capable plant growth promoting combinations.

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Acknowledgements

This investigation was supported by a Marie Curie Reintegration Grant financed by the European Commission (MYCOHELPER, MERG-CT-2004-006315). The work of C. Baum was financially supported by a grant from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, Germany), contract 02WT0870. The bacterial strains were kindly provided by Dr. W. Wrótniak (Department of Microbiology, N. Copernicus University of Torun, Poland).

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  1. Department of Microbiology, N. Copernicus University, ul. Gagarina 9, PL-89-100, Torun, Poland

    Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz & Agnieszka Ciesielska

  2. Institute of Land Use, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059, Rostock, Germany

    Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz & Christel Baum

  3. Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Botanical Institute, Systematic Botany and Mycology, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Ingeborg Haug

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  1. Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz
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Correspondence to Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz.

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Hrynkiewicz, K., Ciesielska, A., Haug, I. et al. Ectomycorrhiza formation and willow growth promotion as affected by associated bacteria: role of microbial metabolites and use of C sources. Biol Fertil Soils 46, 139–150 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-009-0419-2

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