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Secure digital image watermarking using memristor-based hyperchaotic circuit

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Abstract

Due to the rapid access to the Internet, digital data can be easily accessed by unauthorized users. The digital watermarking technique is a crucial way in which carrier signal hides digital information in the form of a watermark to prevent the stakeholders’ authenticity by changing different coefficients. Some of the basic requirements that must be satisfied for digital image watermarking are robustness, security, and imperceptibility. To ensure robustness against image processing attacks, this paper proposes a secure digital image watermarking system based on a memristor-based hyperchaotic oscillator. To simulate real-world usage, the human visual system (HVS) model is utilized to assess image quality. The HOG model is used to extract the important features from the host image, while the ELM model is utilized for faster training. Hardware-level encryption is implemented using memristor-based hyperchaotic signals, which is combined with Arnold transformation to generate highly secure keys. This paper also presents a detailed analysis to compare and evaluate robustness and security trade-offs using benchmarks such as PSNR, NC, and SSIM with the presence of various attacks. The PSNR value of signed image is up to 41.02 dB and the SSIM value is 0.999, which indicates the imperceptibility and high security. The NC value approaches unity which dictates the high robustness of the watermarking scheme to various image processing attacks. Simulated results are verified using hyperchaotic signals generated from the hyperchaotic oscillator, which evinces exceptional security against data crimes dealing with watermarks and image processing tasks.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge DBT Star Laboratory at Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, under DBT Star Scheme, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India; Research Project funded by Society for Microelectronics and VLSI, New Delhi; and University of Delhi for providing necessary tools and financial assistance for the completion of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Informatics and Communication, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India

    Sonam

  2. Department of Electronic Science, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India

    Khushwant Sehra

  3. Department of Electronics, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India

    Raghvendra Pratap Singh, Sharat Singh, Poonam Kasturi & Manoj Saxena

  4. Department of Computer Science, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India

    Shweta Wadhera

  5. Department of Electronics, Maharaja Agrasen College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110096, India

    Geetika Jain Saxena

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  1. Sonam
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Sonam, Sehra, K., Singh, R.P. et al. Secure digital image watermarking using memristor-based hyperchaotic circuit. Vis Comput 39, 4459–4485 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-022-02601-3

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