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Dental composites with strength after aging improved by using anodic nanoporous fillers: experimental results, modeling, and simulations

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Abstract

We fabricated resin composites based on a standard matrix system used for dental restorations incorporating a novel concept microsized filler with passing-through nanopores. The fillers were obtained from anodic porous alumina (APA), after separation from the supporting aluminum substrate and ball milling. Bending tests were carried out on as-cured and artificially aged composites, to determine the material elastic modulus and its strength for the first time. A two-scale modeling was developed; at micro scale, a finite element (FE) model of the representative volume element (RVE) including single APA and surrounding polymer was constructed. The influence of embedded APA length and APA–matrix interaction on the strength was investigated. Then, FE model of the macro-scale RVE containing numerous APA with different orientations based on stochastic modeling was constructed. The output of micro-scale model was used as the input of macro-scale model. The results of simulations allowed to understand better the behavior of the novel composite and interpret the material response deviations from those of common three-phases composites, and to validate the experimental results. The strength of the experimental composite is lower than those of commercial composites used for the same application when as-cured, but is higher after aging.

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Acknowledgements

AP thanks the State program for scientific research of the Republic of Belarus “Convergence 2025” (tasks 3.03.3 and 2.2.6) for supporting his contribution to this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Composites Research Laboratory, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957137, Iran

    Amin Ghorbanhossaini & Roham Rafiee

  2. Research and Development Laboratory 4.10 “Nanotechnologies”, Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, 6 Brovki Str., 220013, Minsk, Belarus

    Andrei Pligovka

  3. Materials Characterization Facility, Italian Institute of Technology, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy

    Marco Salerno

  4. Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Genoa, Italy

    Marco Salerno

Authors
  1. Amin Ghorbanhossaini
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  2. Roham Rafiee
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  3. Andrei Pligovka
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  4. Marco Salerno
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Contributions

MS and RR designed the study, for the experimental and modeling part, respectively. AP fabricated and characterized the APA. MS fabricated the composites and characterized them. AG carried out the work for the modeling and simulation part, under the guidance of RR. MS drafted the manuscript. All authors discussed the results and revised the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Roham Rafiee or Marco Salerno.

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Ghorbanhossaini, A., Rafiee, R., Pligovka, A. et al. Dental composites with strength after aging improved by using anodic nanoporous fillers: experimental results, modeling, and simulations. Engineering with Computers 39, 387–398 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-021-01566-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-021-01566-6

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