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Electroencephalogram bands modulated by vigilance states in an anuran species: a factor analytic approach

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Abstract

Dramatic changes in neocortical electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythms are associated with the sleep–waking cycle in mammals. Although amphibians are thought to lack a neocortical homologue, changes in rest–activity states occur in these species. In the present study, EEG signals were recorded from the surface of the cerebral hemispheres and midbrain on both sides of the brain in an anuran species, Babina daunchina, using electrodes contacting the meninges in order to measure changes in mean EEG power across behavioral states. Functionally relevant frequency bands were identified using factor analysis. The results indicate that: (1) EEG power was concentrated in four frequency bands during the awake or active state and in three frequency bands during rest; (2) EEG bands in frogs differed substantially from humans, especially in the fast frequency band; (3) bursts similar to mammalian sleep spindles, which occur in non-rapid eye movement mammalian sleep, were observed when frogs were at rest suggesting sleep spindle-like EEG activity appeared prior to the evolution of mammals.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by grants from the Chinese Academy of Sciences ‘Bairenjihua’ (KSCX2-YW-R-077) to Yezhong Tang and Chinese Academy of Sciences ‘Xibuzhi-guang’ (09C302) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30900141) to Jianguo Cui. Permits for capturing animals were obtained from the local environmental department and all experiments were approved by Chengdu Institute of Biology and carried out according to international standards of animal care and use.

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  1. Department of Herpetology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Section 4, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

    Guangzhan Fang, Qin Chen, Jianguo Cui & Yezhong Tang

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  1. Guangzhan Fang
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  2. Qin Chen
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  3. Jianguo Cui
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Correspondence to Yezhong Tang.

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Fang, G., Chen, Q., Cui, J. et al. Electroencephalogram bands modulated by vigilance states in an anuran species: a factor analytic approach. J Comp Physiol A 198, 119–127 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-011-0693-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-011-0693-y

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