Abstract
The role played by adrenergic system in water intake, especially food intake, has long been known in mammals. In avian species, there have been many experiments exploring the effects of the adrenergic system in different sites in the central nervous system in meat- and egg-type poultry. This study was designed to examine the possible effects of intralateral hypothalamic area (ILHy) microinjections of a beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, and a beta-adrenoceptor blocker, propranolol, on food and water intake in 3-h food-deprived and 3-h water-deprived broiler cockerels. Our findings suggest that the β-adrenergic system directly affects food especially water intake in broilers. Although isoproterenol significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased food intake for the first 15 min, it reduced food intake during the experiment. Isoproterenol reduced water intake significantly (P ≤ 0.05), which was abolished by pretreatment with propranolol. It is proposed that β-adrenoceptors in LHy play a direct and indirect role in the regulation of food especially water intake in broiler cockerels.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anand BK, Brobeck JR (1951) Hypothalamic control of food intake in rats and cats. Yale J Biol Med 24:123–140
Bungo T, Shimojo M, Masuda Y, Choi YH, Denbow DM, Furuse M (1999) Induction of food intake by a noradrenergic system using clonidine and fusaric acid in the neonatal chick. Brain Res 826:313–316
Camargo LAA, Saad WA, Camargo GPA (2000) Effects of subtypes alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors of the lateral hypothalamus on the water and sodium intake induced by angiotensin II injected into the subfornical organ. Brain Res 881:176–181
Choi YH, Furuse M, Okumura J, Denbow DM (1995) The interaction of clonidine and nitric oxide on feeding behavior in the chicken. Brain Res 699:161–164
Denbow DM (1999) Food intake regulation in birds. J Exp Zool 283:333–338
Denbow DM (2000) Gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology. In: Whittow GC (ed) Sturkie’s avian physiology, 5th edn. Academic Press, New York, pp 320–321
Ferrari AC, Camargo LAA, Saad WA, Renzi A, Luca LAD Jr, Menani JV (1991) Role of the α1- and α2-adrenoceptors of the lateral hypothalamus in dipsogenic response to central angiotensin II in rats. Brain Res 560:291–296
Glick SD, Greenstein S (1973) Pharmacological inhibition of eating, drinking and prandial drinking. Behav Biol 8:55–61
Grossman SP (1962) Direct adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation of hypothalamic mechanisms. Am J Physiol 202:872–882
Hetherington AW, Ranson SW (1940) Hypothalamic lesions and adiposity in the rat. Anat Rec 78:149
Iyer SN, Wright BE, Strubbe G, Hanley K, Katovich MJ (1995) Chronic lasatran treatment blocks isoproterenol-induced dipsogenesis. Physiol Behav 58:283–286
Kuenzel WJ (1989) Neuroanatomical substrates involved in the control of food intake. Poult Sci 68:926–937
Kuenzel WJ (1994) Central neuroanatomical systems involved in the regulation of food intake in birds and mammals. J Nutr 124:1355S–1370S
Leibowitz SF (1975) Ingestion in the satiated rat: role of alpha and beta receptors in mediating effects of hypothalamic adrenergic stimulation. Physiol Behav 14:743–754
Leibowitz SF (1978) Paraventricular nucleus: a primary site mediating adrenergic stimulation of feeding and drinking. Physiol Biochem Behav 8:163–175
Leibowitz SF, Rossakis C (1978) Pharmacological characterization of perifornical hypothalamic β-adrenergic receptors mediating feeding inhibition in the rat. Neuropharmacology 17:691–702
Meister B (2007) Neurotransmitters in key neurons of the hypothalamus that regulate feeding behavior and body weight. Physiol Behav 92:263–271
Racotta R, Soto-Mora LM (1993) Specificity of alpha- and beta-adrenergic inhibition of water and food intake. Physiol Behav 53:361–365
Singer G, Armstrong S (1973) Cholinergic and beta-adrenergic compounds in the control of drinking behavior in the rat. J Comp Physiol Psychol 85:453–462
Slangen JL, Miller (1969) NE Pharmacological tests for the function of hypothalamic norepinephrine in eating behavior. Physiol Behav 4:543–550
Stellar E (1954) The physiology of motivation. Psychol Rev 61:5–22
Tachibana T, Takagi T, Saito ES, Tomonaga S, Zhang R, Koga Y, Kido Y, Denbow DM, Furuse M (2003) Beta 3-adrenergic receptor is involved in feeding regulation in chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 135:403–409
Tachibana T, Sugahara K, Ueda H, Cline MA (2009) Role of adrenergic alpha-2-receptors on feeding behavior in layer-type chicks. Gen Comp Endocrinol 161:407–411
Tanaka J, Hayashi Y, Nomura S, Miyakubo H, Okumura T, Sakamaki K (2001) Angiotensinergic and noradrenergic mechanisms in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus participate in the drinking response induced by activation of the subfornical organ in rats. Behav Brain Res 118:117–122
Tanaka J, Kariya K, Miyakubo H, Sakamaki K, Nomura M (2002) Attenuated drinking response induced by angiotensinergic activation of subfornical organ projections to the paraventricular nucleus in estrogen-treated rats. Neurosci Lett 324:242–246
Tepperman FS, Hirst M, Gowdey CW (1981) A probable role for norepinephrine in feeding after hypothalamic injection of morphine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 15:555–558
Van Tienhoven A, Juhasz LP (1962) The chicken telencephalon, diencephalons and mesencephalon in stereotaxic coordinates. J Comp Neurol 118:185–197
Wellman PJ (2000) Norepinephrine and the control of food intake. Nutrition 16:837–842
Wellman PJ, Davis BT, Morien A, McMahon L (1993) Modulation of feeding by hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors. Life Sci 53:669–679
Williams G, Bing C, Cai XJ, Harrold JA, King PJ, Liu XH (2001) The hypothalamus and the control of energy homeostasis: different circuits, different purposes. Physiol Behav 74:683–701
Zabik JE, Sprague JE, Odio M (1993) Interactive dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in the regulation of thirst in the rat. Physiol Behav 54:29–33
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by a grant from Research Council of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran. Animal handling and experimental procedures were performed according to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institute of Health (NIH publication No85-23, revised 1996), and also with the current ethical codes of Iran for handling laboratory animals.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Baghbanzadeh, A., Hajinezhad, M.R., Shohreh, B. et al. Intralateral hypothalamic area injection of isoproterenol and propranolol affects food and water intake in broilers. J Comp Physiol A 196, 221–226 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-010-0507-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-010-0507-7