Abstract
Reliable experimental data are essential for good research. Also, the interaction of drop and liquid surface is ubiquitous and of practical importance in our lives. However, beginning researchers often face an unavoidable long learning curve due to a lack of systematic collection of failure experiences. These include somewhat trivial but also influential factors, especially in cases of low impact velocities, e.g., the feeding process into a liquid tank, the dropping into a drip chamber, and/or neglecting the initial velocity associated with the dripping drop generation in the experimental preparation processes, etc. Inconsistent experimental comparisons may arise from different methods of thin-film preparation and measurement or from non-unified parameter definition, e.g., the penetration depth of vortex rings induced by low-velocity drop impact, which makes experimental data analysis and comparison even more challenging. Here, we have accumulated some of our experience in preparing drop and liquid surface interactions including a short review of preparing thin (or very thin) target liquid film of well-defined thickness; the method to minimize the commonly neglected current underneath the target liquid; the method of generating the satellite-free drop along with the correct prediction of drop oscillation phase in the free-falling period after pinch-off, and the role of drop initial velocity, etc. These archival data are expected to shorten the learning period and facilitate benchmarking of related experiments for future users in our community.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST, Taiwan) under grant MOST 105-2221-E-002-106-MY3 and 109-2221-E-002-026-MY3 for supporting the research. Tetuko Kurniawan acknowledges support within the First Team grant (POIR.04.04.00-00-3FEF/17-00) of the Foundation for Polish Science co-financed by the EU under the Smart Growth Operational Programme. Additionally, Tetuko Kurniawan acknowledges President University, Bekasi, Indonesia, as the current home based university (NIDN: 0401048405). David H. Frakes acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation of the United States of America in conjunction with the East Asian Research Fellowship Program.
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Kurniawan, T., Tsai, PH., Chen, SS. et al. Practical notes toward higher quality and more reliable experiments on drop and liquid surface interactions. Exp Fluids 63, 8 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-021-03346-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-021-03346-w