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Drop Impact Dynamics of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Liquids

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Droplet and Spray Transport: Paradigms and Applications

Part of the book series: Energy, Environment, and Sustainability ((ENENSU))

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Abstract

A droplet impinging on a solid substrate can result in liquid spreading, recoil, column formation/breakup, partial or complete rebound, or splash. These outcomes are governed by liquid density, viscosity, and surface tension along with surface wettability and roughness. This chapter discusses the recent developments in modeling Newtonian drop spread-recoil dynamics on a solid surface and provides a review of post-impact drop–surface interactions for aqueous surfactant and polymeric solutions. In aqueous solutions, surfactant molecules diffuse toward interfaces and are adsorbed there. As a result, the liquid–gas interfacial tension changes with surface age and the equilibrium tension is a function of surfactant concentration. The timescale of droplet deformation is often comparable to the timescale of surface tension relaxation of surfactant solutions which affects the surface deformation, spread-recoil oscillations, and column breakup. Furthermore, physisorption of surfactant molecules on the substrate alters its wettability and affects the spread-recoil phenomena. Aqueous polymeric solutions exhibit non-Newtonian viscous behavior, where their apparent viscosity is a function of the shear rate. The complex interplay between dynamic changes in interfacial properties and liquid deformation produces drop spread-recoil dynamics that is vastly different from their pure, Newtonian counterparts. Over last two decades, high-speed videography, computational simulations, and analytical modeling have provided useful understanding of droplet impact phenomena that unfolds over timescales of milliseconds or less for these complex fluids. Current understanding of the effect of dynamic changes in interfacial properties on the outcomes of droplet impact is presented in this chapter.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank A. Athavale, R. Bhatia, S. Gande, K. Gatne, K.-T. Lin, A. Raghuram, S. Rajendran, V. Ravi, and D. Shi for providing data, help with figures, and many useful discussions.

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  1. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 598 Rhodes Hall, Cincinnati, OH, P.O. Box 210072, 45221-0072, USA

    Milind A. Jog & Raj M. Manglik

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  1. Milind A. Jog
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Correspondence to Milind A. Jog .

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Saptarshi Basu

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Avinash Kumar Agarwal

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Achintya Mukhopadhyay

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Chetan Patel

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Jog, M.A., Manglik, R.M. (2018). Drop Impact Dynamics of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Liquids. In: Basu, S., Agarwal, A., Mukhopadhyay, A., Patel, C. (eds) Droplet and Spray Transport: Paradigms and Applications. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7233-8_2

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