Abstract
Two-phase flow over tube bundles is commonly observed in shell and tube-type heat exchangers. However, only limited amount of data concerning flow pattern and void fraction exists due to the flow complexity and the difficulties in measurement. The detailed flow structure in tube bundles needs to be understood for reliable and effective design. Therefore, the objective of this study was to clarify the two-phase structure of cross-flow in tube bundles by PIV. Experiments were conducted using two types of models, namely in-line and staggered arrays with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.5. Each test section contains 20 rows of five 15 mm O.D. tubes in each row. The experiment’s data were obtained under very low void fraction (α<0.02). Liquid and gas velocity data in the whole flow field were measured successfully by optical filtering and image processing. The structures of bubbly flow in the two different configurations of tube bundles were described in terms of the velocity vector field, turbulence intensity and void fraction.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
ASME Performance Test Codes (1985) Supplement on instruments and apparatus. Part 1: measurement uncertainty. ANSI/ASME PTC 19.1
Baker O (1954) Simultaneous flow of oil and gas. Oil and gas 53:185–190
Chan AMC, Shoukri M (1987) Boiling characteristic of small multitube bundles. Trans ASME J Heat Trans 19:753–760
Dowlati R et al (1990) Pitch-to-diameter effect on two-phase flow across an in-line tube bundle. AIChEJ 36:765–772
Dowlati R et al (1992a) Hydrodynamics of two-phase flow across horizontal in-line and staggered rod bundles. Trans ASME J Fluids Eng 114(3):450–456
Dowlati R et al (1992b) Void fraction prediction in two-phase flow across a tube bundle. AIChEJ 38:619–622
Gebbie JG, Jensen MK (1997) Void fraction distributions in a kettle reboiler. Exp Ther Fluid Sci 14:297–311
Grant IDR, Chisholm D (1979) Two-phase flow in the shell-side of a segmentally baffled shell-and-tube heat exchanger. J Heat Trans 101:38–42
Iwaki C et al (2004) PIV measurement of the vertical cross-flow structure over tube bundle. Exp Fluids 37:350–363
King MP, Jensen MK (1995) Local heat transfer and flow pattern distributions in a kettle reboiler. In: Celata CP, Shah RK (eds) Two-phase flow modelling and experimentation 1995, Edizioni ETS 2:1289–1296
Kondo M, Nakajima K (1980) Experimental investigation of air-water two-phase upflow across horizontal tube bundles. Bull JSME 23(177):385–393
Matsui G et al (2001) Flow characteristics in channel with local blockage packed with spheres. Proc Exp Heat Trans, Fluid Mech Thermodyna ExHFT-5:1675–1682
Noghrehkar GR et al (1999) Investigation of two-phase flow regimes in tube bundles under cross-flow conditions. Int J Multiphase Flow 25:857–874
Raffel M, Willert CE, Kompenhans J (1998) Particle image velocimetry. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Rahman FH et al (1996) An interfacial friction factor correlation for shell-side vertical two-phase cross-flow past horizontal inline and staggered tube bundles. Int J Multiphase Flow 22:753–766
Schrage DS et al (1988) Two-phase pressure drop in vertical cross-flow across a horizontal tube bundle. AIChEJ 34:107–115
Thom JRS (1964) Prediction of pressure drop during forced circulation boiling of water. Int J Mass Transfer 7:709–724
Urbrich R, Mewes D (1994) Relation between gas void fraction in upward and downward flow. Multiphase Trans Particul Phenom 279–294
Zivi SM (1964) Estimation of steady-state steam void-fraction by means of the principle of minimum entropy production. Trans ASME J Heat Trans 86:247–252
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Iwaki, C., Cheong, K.H., Monji, H. et al. Vertical, Bubbly, Cross-Flow Characteristics over Tube Bundles. Exp Fluids 39, 1024–1039 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-005-0036-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-005-0036-2