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Interessenkonflikt
Potentielle Interessenkonflikte der Autorinnen/Autoren sind tabellarisch auf einem separaten Formblatt zusammengefasst (AWMF-Formblatt 2010). Die offengelegten möglichen Interessenkonflikte wurden durch den federführenden Leitlinienkoordinator, die Mitglieder der Autorengruppe und den Leitlinienbeauftragten der GNPI bewertet.
Einige der Autorinnen/Autoren haben Beziehungen zu Pharmafirmen, die Medikamente zur Behandlung der Frühgeborenenretinopathie herstellen. Da sich diese Leitlinie aber explizit auf die Diagnostik und nicht auf die Therapie der Frühgeborenenretinopathie bezieht, sind keine relevanten Interessenkonflikte im Sinne persönlicher Vorteile, die die Unabhängigkeit der Autorinnen/Autoren hätten einschränken können, zu erkennen.
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Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.
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Dieser Beitrag wurde erstpubliziert in Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie (2021), https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1248-0649. Nachdruck mit freundl. Genehmigung von Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart.
Autorinnen und Autoren sind nach dem federführenden Autor in alphabetischer Reihenfolge aufgeführt.
Glossar
- Aggressive posteriore ROP (AP-ROP)
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Veränderungen im Bereich des hinteren Pols, die unbehandelt in der Regel zu einem Stadium 5 führen. Charakteristische Veränderungen: posteriore Lokalisation in Zone I oder in posteriorer Zone II, ausgeprägte Plus-Symptomatik (früher „rush type disease“). Unproportionale vermehrte Gefäßfüllung und Schlängelung in allen 4 Quadranten im Verhältnis zu den peripheren Veränderungen. Shuntgefäße zwischen den retinalen Gefäßen nicht nur im Bereich der Vaskularisationsgrenze, dort evtl. Blutungen. Veränderungen durchlaufen nicht die normale Stadieneinteilung. Flaches Neovaskularisationsnetz an der verwaschenen Grenze zwischen durchbluteter und undurchbluteter Netzhaut (leicht übersehbar). Die AP-ROP dehnt sich typischerweise zirkulär aus.
- Gestationsalter
-
Reifealter, wird in vollen Schwangerschaftswochen und Tagen ab dem 1. Tag der letzten Regelblutung angegeben (z. B. 28 Wochen +5 Tage = 28 + 5 SSW).
- Plus-Symptomatik
-
Gefäßerweiterung und Tortuositas am hinteren Funduspol in mindestens 2 Quadranten.
- Postmenstruelles Alter
-
Summe aus Gestationsalter und postnatalem Alter (irrtümlich wird häufig der Begriff „postkonzeptionelles“ Alter verwendet).
- Postnatales Alter
-
Lebensalter ab Geburt.
- Prä-plus Symptomatik
-
Gefäßveränderung am hinteren Pol, die noch nicht die Kriterien einer Plus-Symptomatik erfüllen.
- Threshold disease
-
Extraretinale Proliferationen mittelschwerer Ausprägung über mindestens 5 zusammenhängende oder 8 nicht zusammenhängende Stunden in Zone II in Verbindung mit Plus-Symptomatik.
- Tunica vasculosa lentis (TVL)
-
Entwicklungsbedingte Gefäßhaut auf der vorderen Linsenkapsel (Membrana epipupillaris). Zeichen für eine aktive ROP, wenn die TVL dilatiert ist mit vermehrt geschlängelten Gefäßen.
- Unreife Netzhaut
-
Unvollständige Netzhautvaskularisation ohne Vorliegen einer ROP. Hier sollte unbedingt die Zone angegeben werden, bis in die die Vaskularisation reicht.
- Zusätzliche zu dokumentierende Befunde
-
Rubeosis iridis (Gefäßneubildung auf der Iris bei schwerer ROP), Irishyperämie (vermehrt sichtbare dilatierte Gefäße der Iris), Glaskörpertrübungen, retinale und/oder vitreale Blutungen, mäßige medikamentöse Pupillenerweiterung.
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Maier, R.F., Hummler, H., Kellner, U. et al. Augenärztliche Screening-Untersuchung bei Frühgeborenen (S2k-Level, AWMF-Leitlinien-Register-Nr. 024/010, März 2020). Ophthalmologe 118 (Suppl 2), 117–131 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-021-01353-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-021-01353-0