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Seed Priming with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Ameliorates As Toxicity by Decreasing Organic Acid Exudation Pattern and Modulating Specific Gene Expression in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

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Abstract

Nanotechnology represents an innovative approach to ameliorating abiotic stress in oilseed crops, with the application of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO−NPs) gaining notable popularity recently. Therefore, we have utilized FeO−NPs as an alleviating agent on an oilseed crop, specifically rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), grown in soil with varying levels of arsenic (As). This study investigates various growth−related attributes, the efficiency of the photosynthetic machinery, indicators of oxidative stress, and responses of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, along with their specific gene expression, sugar content, organic acids exudation pattern and As accumulation in different parts of the plant. Our findings indicated that soil contaminated with As reduced crop growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and nutritional status in plants, while simultaneously enhancing oxidative stress indicators, organic acid exudation, activity of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and their related gene expressions, and endogenous As content in the shoots and roots of B. napus. Moreover, increasing levels of As in the soil caused a signifcant increase in proline and organic acids exudation pattern. However, the exogenous application of FeO−NPs enhanced plant growth and the photosynthetic rate in B. napus by boosting the antioxidant system and mineral status, and by reducing the concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers, organic acids, and As accumulation in both roots and shoots. Hence, this study suggests that seed priming with FeO−NPs is an effective technique that can be employed to fortify nutrients and mitigate metal toxicity in areas polluted with metals.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2024R93), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2024R93), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large Groups (Project under grant number R.G.P.2/ 161/ 43).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21493, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Rana M. Alshegaihi

  2. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, 144534, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

    Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Aishah Alatawi

  4. Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia

    Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd

  5. Environmental Horizon Company, 23531, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Salem Albalawi

  6. Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan

    Saba Saleem

  7. Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar

    Muhammad Hamzah Saleem

  8. Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan

    Wajiha Sarfraz

  9. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Shafaqat Ali

  10. Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan

    Shafaqat Ali

  11. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt

    Amany H. A. Abeed

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  1. Rana M. Alshegaihi
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  2. Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej
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  3. Aishah Alatawi
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  5. Salem Albalawi
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  6. Saba Saleem
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  7. Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
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  8. Wajiha Sarfraz
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  9. Shafaqat Ali
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  10. Amany H. A. Abeed
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Contributions

Conceptualization, Aishah Alatawi; Data curation, Saba Saleem; Formal analysis, Rana M. Alshegaihi; Funding acquisition, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej, Amany H. A. Abeed and Muhammad Hamzah Saleem; Investigation, Aishah Alatawi; Methodology, Aishah Alatawi, Rana M. Alshegaihi; Project administration, Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej, Rana M. Alshegaihi and Muhammad Hamzah Saleem; Resources, Wajiha Sarfraz, Salem Albalawi and Muhammad Hamzah Saleem; Software, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, Salem Albalawi and Muhammad Hamzah Saleem; Validation, Amany H. A. Abeed; Visualization, Amany H. A. Abeed; Writing—original draft, Aishah Alatawi, Wajiha Sarfraz, Shafaqat Ali, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, Salem Albalawi and Rana M. Alshegaihi; Writing—review & editing, Rana M. Alshegaihi, Wajiha Sarfraz, Shafaqat Ali, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, Salem Albalawi, Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej, Amany H. A. Abeed and Muhammad Hamzah Saleem.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Muhammad Hamzah Saleem or Shafaqat Ali.

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Alshegaihi, R.M., Mfarrej, M.F.B., Alatawi, A. et al. Seed Priming with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Ameliorates As Toxicity by Decreasing Organic Acid Exudation Pattern and Modulating Specific Gene Expression in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). J Plant Growth Regul (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-024-11345-4

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