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Molecular Docking of Compounds Present in Pyrolyzed Biomass Products with the Karrikin Receptor and Its Impact on Seed Germination in Triticum aestivum

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Abstract

Pyrolysis products, such as aqueous phase of bio-oil, bio-oil, and biochar, prepared from biomass sugarcane leaves, wheat straw, rice husk, and pine needles were evaluated for wheat seed germination. It was observed that the seeds exposed to pure bio-oil and aqueous phase of bio-oil had acquired inhibitory growth properties, whereas the seeds treated with biochar showed enhanced growth characteristics. When comparing wheat biochar to other biochars, the maximum number of roots was observed at 2 mg/mL biochar concentration. Biochemical evaluation of wheat seeds treated with 2 mg/mL wheat biochar revealed higher GA3, β-amylase, reducing sugar, and total dehydrogenase activities, while there was a reduction in α-amylase activity and starch in the first 20 h after seed imbibitions. The GC–MS of wheat straw biochar extract detected karrikin-like compounds 2,3-Dihydro-benzofuran, Oxirane [(hexadecyloxy) methyl]-Propane, and beta-sitosterol. Some other compounds supposed of having growth inhibitory activity were also found. In silico analysis revealed that beta-sitosterol present in wheat straw biochar had lower ΔG value with karrikins receptor of Arabidopsis may be responsible for enhanced growth of wheat seeds.

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Acknowledgements

The authors hereby acknowledge the Dean CBSH, Head, Department of Biochemistry, and Director Experimentation Station, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar for providing the facilities to conduct the research. The author is thankful to ICAR project AICRP on Energy in Agriculture and Agro-based Industries for financial support.

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantanagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Brijesh Lekhak, Ashutosh Dubey & A. K. Verma

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  1. Brijesh Lekhak
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  2. Ashutosh Dubey
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  3. A. K. Verma
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Contributions

BL: Methodology, investigation, data curation, Writing-original draft. AD: analysis, Methodology, Reviewing and editing. AKV: Work design, Data curation, Validation, Reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to A. K. Verma.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Lekhak, B., Dubey, A. & Verma, A.K. Molecular Docking of Compounds Present in Pyrolyzed Biomass Products with the Karrikin Receptor and Its Impact on Seed Germination in Triticum aestivum. J Plant Growth Regul 42, 465–480 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-021-10567-0

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