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Determination of calorific value in coal by LIBS coupled with acoustic normalization

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Abstract

The low reproducibility is the most critical obstacle to the wide commercial application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). In this work, to improve the sample-to-sample reproducibility of LIBS real-time analysis of coal calorific value, we applied the acoustic signal generated by the laser ablation as the reference signal for normalization. First, the correlation between acoustic signal and spectral signal was analyzed and the results showed that the spectral signal from coal pellet samples with 35-ton compaction pressure had a strong correlation with acoustic signal. Second, the influences of shot-to-shot spectral intensities with different normalization methods were analyzed, including total area normalization, channel normalization, background normalization and acoustic normalization. Finally, different normalization models for calorific value were established using the support vector regression (SVR). With the acoustic normalization method, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of shot-to-shot intensities of spectral lines of C (I) 193.1 nm, C (I) 247.8 nm, H (I) 656.3 nm and N (I) 868.1 nm were significantly reduced from 10.16, 6.53, 3.79, 5.21% to 7.01, 4.40, 2.81, 3.54%, respectively. Moreover, compared with model without normalization, the average RSD of sample-to-sample measurements of validation samples based on acoustic normalization method was reduced from 6.25% to 4.16%, and the average relative error (ARE) was reduced from 4.66% to 3.28%. The results demonstrated that the acoustic normalization method can effectively reduce the fluctuations of the shot-to-shot spectral intensities and was an effective method to improve the reproducibility and accuracy of measurement of coal calorific value in LIBS.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Shandong province major science and technology innovation project (No. 2018CXGC0806).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Laser and Infrared System Integration of Ministry of Education, School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China

    Peng Lu, Zhuang Zhuo, Wenhao Zhang & Jingqi Lu

  2. School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China

    Peng Lu

  3. Shandong Huatow Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China

    Jing Tang

  4. Huadian Shandong New Energy Co. LTD, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China

    Tao Xing

  5. Huadian Longkou Power Generation Co. LTD, Longkou, 265700, Shandong, China

    Yan Wang

  6. Centre for Advanced Laser Manufacturing (CALM), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China

    Tengfei Sun

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  1. Peng Lu
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Lu, P., Zhuo, Z., Zhang, W. et al. Determination of calorific value in coal by LIBS coupled with acoustic normalization. Appl. Phys. B 127, 82 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-021-07626-5

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