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Synthesis of novel CaF2 − CaO − Na2O − B2O3−SiO2 bioglass system: phase transformation, surface reaction and mechanical properties

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Abstract

This research aims to investigate the potential of novel CaF2 − CaO − Na2O − B2O3−SiO2 glass systems and converted to bioactive glass-ceramics. The study involves examining the effects of different heat treatment temperatures and immersion periods, with the goal of exploring these materials as viable alternatives for various biomedical applications. A typical melt-quenching technique was used to synthesize the glass samples, followed by a controlled heat treatment. The main crystalline phases are cuspidine and wollastonite, which have the potential to promote bioactivity, especially in dental and bone-related applications. The sample heat-treated at 700 °C showed an increased microhardness and fracture toughness by more than 116% and 36%, compared to the initial value. Furthermore, the increase in pH and the observed weight loss/gain demonstrated the reactivity of the samples with the phosphate buffer-saline medium, indicating their bioactive properties. Remarkably, the microhardness and fracture toughness exhibited notable improvements after 14 days of immersion, with an enhancement of 4.71% and 4.66%, highlighting their potential durability and longevity in high-strength dental crown applications. Consequently, this research presents a promising method for developing sustainable novel glass and glass-ceramic materials devoid of phosphates. These materials boast enhanced mechanical properties while preserving bioactivity, making them well-suited for dental implants and restorative purposes.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Universiti Putra Malaysia through the Geran Putra Inisiatif (GPI/2023/9762700) for this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia

    Zhi Wei Loh, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid, Khamirul Amin Matori & Wei Mun Cheong

  2. Nanomaterials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia

    Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid & Khamirul Amin Matori

  3. Ceramic and Amorphous Group (CerAm), Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Pagoh Higher Education Hub, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Panchor, Johor, 84600, Malaysia

    Mohd Zul Hilmi Mayzan

  4. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia

    Rosdiyana Hisam

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  1. Zhi Wei Loh
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Loh, Z.W., Zaid, M.H.M., Matori, K.A. et al. Synthesis of novel CaF2 − CaO − Na2O − B2O3−SiO2 bioglass system: phase transformation, surface reaction and mechanical properties. Appl. Phys. A 130, 423 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-024-07591-8

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