Abstract
The adhesion behavior of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on various substrates was investigated after furnace sintering at various temperatures. Glass, polyimide, and polyethylene naphthalate substrates were used to examine the effect of the substrate on the adhesion behavior of inkjet-printed Ag NPs. The adhesive forces were estimated using a scratch test. The critical load and shear stress were determined via a microscratch test. The critical shear stress varies according to the adhesion characteristics of each substrate. Cross-sectional images were obtained using a focused ion beam to investigate the morphologies at the boundaries between the sintered ink line and substrates.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Data will be made available on request from the authors.
References
A. Kamyshny, M. Ben-Moshe, S. Aviezer, S. Magdassi, Ink-jet printing of metallic nanoparticles and microemulsions. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 26, 281–288 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.200400522
A. Hussain, H.L. Lee, S.J. Moon, Sintering of silver nanoparticle structures and the pursuit of minimum resistivity. Mater. Today Commun. 34, 105159 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.105159
H.H. Lee, K. Sen Chou, K.C. Huang, Inkjet printing of nanosized silver colloids. Nanotechnology 16, 2436–2441 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/16/10/074
K. Rajan, I. Roppolo, A. Chiappone, S. Bocchini, D. Perrone, A. Chiolerio, Silver nanoparticle ink technology: state of the art. Nanotechnol. Sci. Appl.. Sci. Appl. (2016). https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S68080
Y. Aono, M. Maejima, S. Momozono, A. Hirata, Batch-arrangement of droplets on silica surface based on laser wettability modification. Surfaces Interfaces. 42, 103452 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103452
V. Beedasy, P.J. Smith, Printed electronics as prepared by inkjet printing. Mater 13, 704 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/MA13030704
V. Subramanian, J.M.J. Fréchet, P.C. Chang, D.C. Huang, J.B. Lee, S.E. Molesa, A.R. Murphy, D.R. Redinger, S.K. Volkman, Progress toward development of all-printed RFID tags: materials, processes, and devices. Proc. IEEE 93, 1330–1338 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2005.850305
L. Nayak, S. Mohanty, S.K. Nayak, A. Ramadoss, A review on inkjet printing of nanoparticle inks for flexible electronics. J. Mater. Chem. C. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc01630a
J. Kwon, H. Cho, H. Eom, H. Lee, Y.D. Suh, H. Moon, J. Shin, S. Hong, S.H. Ko, Low-temperature oxidation-free selective laser sintering of Cu nanoparticle paste on a polymer substrate for the flexible touch panel applications. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8, 11575–11582 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b12714
B. Huber, J. Schober, A. Kreuzer, M. Kaiser, A. Ruediger, C. Schindler, Inkjet-printed resistive memory cells for transparent electronics. Microelectron. Eng. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2018.03.006
Y. Wang, C. Yan, S.Y. Cheng, Z.Q. Xu, X. Sun, Y.H. Xu, J.J. Chen, Z. Jiang, K. Liang, Z.S. Feng, Flexible RFID tag metal antenna on paper-based substrate by inkjet printing technology. Adv. Funct. Mater.Funct. Mater. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201902579
J. Zhang, B. Geng, S. Duan, C. Huang, Y. Xi, Q. Mu, H. Chen, X. Ren, W. Hu, High-resolution organic field-effect transistors manufactured by electrohydrodynamic inkjet printing of doped electrodes. J. Mater. Chem. C. 8, 15219–15223 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/d0tc02508a
C. Martínez-Domingo, S. Conti, A. de la Escosura-Muñiz, L. Terés, A. Merkoçi, E. Ramon, Organic-based field effect transistors for protein detection fabricated by inkjet-printing. Org. Electron. 84, 1–9 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2020.105794
S.H. Ko, H. Pan, C.P. Grigoropoulos, C.K. Luscombe, J.M.J. Fráchet, D. Poulikakos, Air stable high resolution organic transistors by selective laser sintering of ink-jet printed metal nanoparticles. Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 1–3 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2719162
E. Fares, B. Aïssa, R.J. Isaifan, Inkjet printing of metal oxide coatings for enhanced photovoltaic soiling environmental applications. Glob. J. Environ. Sci. Manag. 8, 485–502 (2022). https://doi.org/10.22034/GJESM.2022.04.03
S.G. Hashmi, M. Ozkan, J. Halme, K.D. Misic, S.M. Zakeeruddin, J. Paltakari, M. Grätzel, P.D. Lund, High performance dye-sensitized solar cells with inkjet printed ionic liquid electrolyte. Nano Energy 17, 206–215 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.08.019
A. Hussain, N. Abbas, A. Ali, Inkjet printing: a viable technology for biosensor fabrication. Chemosensors (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10030103
M.A. Zamzami, G. Rabbani, A. Ahmad, A.A. Basalah, W.H. Al-Sabban, S. Nate Ahn, H. Choudhry, Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET)-based biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) surface spike protein S1. Bioelectrochemistry 143, 107982 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107982
Y. Liu, H. Zhu, L. Xing, Q. Bu, D. Ren, B. Sun, Recent advances in inkjet-printing technologies for flexible/wearable electronics. Nanoscale 15, 6025–6051 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1039/d2nr05649f
K. Yan, J. Li, L. Pan, Y. Shi, Inkjet printing for flexible and wearable electronics. APL Mater. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0031669
Y. Han, J. Zhang, Y. Liu, M. Sheng, X. Wang, T. Sun, Investigation of through micropatterns fabrication on C194 copper foil by ultraviolet nanosecond pulsed laser microdrilling. Opt. Laser Technol. 160, 109092 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2022.109092
E. Sowade, H. Kang, K.Y. Mitra, O.J. Weiß, J. Weber, R.R. Baumann, Roll-to-roll infrared (IR) drying and sintering of an inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle ink within 1 second. J. Mater. Chem. C. 3, 11815–11826 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/c5tc02291f
J. Niittynen, R. Abbel, M. Mäntysalo, J. Perelaer, U.S. Schubert, D. Lupo, Alternative sintering methods compared to conventional thermal sintering for inkjet printed silver nanoparticle ink. Thin Solid Films 556, 452–459 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2014.02.001
M.L. Allen, M. Aronniemi, T. Mattila, A. Alastalo, K. Ojanperä, M. Suhonen, H. Seppä, Electrical sintering of nanoparticle structures. Nanotechnology (2008). https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/17/175201
A.T. Alastalo, T. Mattila, M.L. Allen, M.J. Aronniemi, J.H. Leppäniemi, K.A. Ojanperä, M.P. Suhonen, H. Seppä, Rapid electrical sintering of nanoparticle stuctures. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. (2008). https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-1113-f02-07
D. Kim, A. Hussain, H.L. Lee, Y.J. Moon, J. Hwang, S.J. Moon, Stepwise current increment sintering of silver nanoparticle structures. Crystals 11, 1264 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11101264
I. Lee, A. Hussain, H.L. Lee, Y.J. Moon, J.Y. Hwang, S.J. Moon, The effect of current supply duration during stepwise electrical sintering of silver nanoparticles. Metals (Basel). 11, 1878 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111878
J. Perelaer, B.J. De Gans, U.S. Schubert, Ink-jet printing and microwave sintering of conductive silver tracks. Adv. Mater. (2006). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200502422
M. Allen, A. Alastalo, M. Suhonen, T. Mattila, J. Leppäniemi, H. Seppä, Contactless electrical sintering of silver nanoparticles on flexible substrates. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2011.2123910
A. Hussain, H.L. Lee, S.J. Moon, The effect of double scans and elliptical beam during sintering of silver nanoparticle structures via a modulated laser beam. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 213, 124310 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.124310
J. Chung, S. Han, D. Lee, S. Ahn, C.P. Grigoropoulos, J. Moon, S.H. Ko, Nanosecond laser ablation of silver nanoparticle film. Opt. Eng. 52, 024302 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.52.2.024302
D.G. Lee, D.K. Kim, Y.J. Moon, S.J. Moon, Estimation of the properties of silver nanoparticle ink during laser sintering via in-situ electrical resistance measurement. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2013.7650
J.S. Kang, J. Ryu, H.S. Kim, H.T. Hahn, Sintering of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticles at room temperature using intense pulsed light. J. Electron. Mater. 40, 2268–2277 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-011-1711-0
K. Ryu, Y.J. Moon, K. Park, J.Y. Hwang, S.J. Moon, Electrical property and surface morphology of silver nanoparticles after thermal sintering. J. Electron. Mater. 45, 312–321 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-4073-1
A. Hussain, H.-L. Lee, Y.-J. Moon, J.Y. Hwang, S.-J. Moon, Effect of pulse overlapping on temperature field and physical characteristics in pulsed laser sintering of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticles. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 202, 123678 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.123678
D. Paeng, J. Yeo, D. Lee, S.J. Moon, C.P. Grigoropoulos, Laser wavelength effect on laser-induced photo-thermal sintering of silver nanoparticles. Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Process. 120, 1229–1240 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-015-9320-z
J.H. Choi, K. Ryu, K. Park, S.J. Moon, Thermal conductivity estimation of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle ink during continuous wave laser sintering. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.01.056
I. Lee, K. Ryu, K.H. Park, Y.J. Moon, J.Y. Hwang, S.J. Moon, Temperature effect on physical properties and surface morphology of printed silver ink during continuous laser scanning sintering. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 108, 1960–1968 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.11.095
T.Y. Kim, J.Y. Hwang, S.J. Moon, Laser curing of the silver/copper nanoparticle ink via optical property measurement and calculation. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (2010). https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.49.05EA09
Y.J. Moon, H. Kang, K. Kang, S.J. Moon, J. Young Hwang, Effect of thickness on surface morphology of silver nanoparticle layer during furnace sintering. J. Electron. Mater. 44, 1192–1199 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-3639-2
D. Kim, I. Lee, Y. Yoo, Y.J. Moon, S.J. Moon, Transient variation of a cross-sectional area of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle ink during furnace sintering. Appl. Surf. Sci. 305, 453–458 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.03.110
H.-J. Park, Physical characteristics of Ag nanoparticle inks with different size during thermal sintering (Hanyang University, 2016)
J. Heitz, E. Arenholz, T. Kefer, D. Bäuerle, H. Hibst, A. Hagemeyer, Enhanced adhesion of metal films on PET after UV-laser treatment. Appl. Phys. A Solids Surfaces. 55, 391–392 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00324090
H. Yu, X. Zhang, H. Zheng, D. Li, Z. Pu, An inkjet-printed bendable antenna for wearable electronics. Int. J. Bioprinting. (2023). https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.722
K.-S. Kim, Y. Kim, S.-B. Jung, Microstructure and adhesion characteristics of a silver nanopaste screen-printed on Si substrate. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 7, 2–7 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276x-7-49
K. Tanaka, K. Gunji, T. Katayama, Nanoscratch evaluation of adhesive strength of Cu/PI films. WIT Trans. Eng. Sci. 55, 303–311 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2495/SECM070291
D. Kuczyńska-Zemła, J. Pura, B. Przybyszewski, M. Pisarek, H. Garbacz, A comparative study of apatite growth and adhesion on a laser-functionalized titanium surface. Tribol. Int. 182, 108338 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2023.108338
M. Zawischa, M.M.A. Bin Mohamad Supian, S. Makowski, F. Schaller, V. Weihnacht, Generalized approach of scratch adhesion testing and failure classification for hard coatings using the concept of relative area of delamination and properly scaled indenters. Surf. Coatings Technol. 415, 127118 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127118
M. Paz Martinez Viademonte, S.T. Abrahami, T. Hack, M. Burchardt, H. Terryn, Adhesion properties of tartaric sulfuric acid anodic films assessed by a fast and quantitative peel tape adhesion test. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes.Adhes. Adhes. 116, 103156 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2022.103156
J. Yeo, G. Kim, S. Hong, M.S. Kim, D. Kim, J. Lee, H.B. Lee, J. Kwon, Y.D. Suh, H.W. Kang, H.J. Sung, J.H. Choi, W.H. Hong, J.M. Ko, S.H. Lee, S.H. Choa, S.H. Ko, Flexible supercapacitor fabrication by room temperature rapid laser processing of roll-to-roll printed metal nanoparticle ink for wearable electronics application. J. Power. Sources 246, 562–568 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.08.012
T.V. Birro, M. Aufray, E. Paroissien, F. Lachaud, Assessment of interface failure behaviour for brittle adhesive using the three-point bending test. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 110, 1–20 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102891
K. Ariga, R. Fakhrullin, Materials nanoarchitectonics from atom to living cell: a method for everything. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn 95, 774–795 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.20220071
D. Akay, E. Seven, U. Gökmen, S. Bi̇lge-Ocak, Semiconducting double-layer lead monoxide tin oxide nanostructures for photodetectors. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.3c02610
D. Akay, U. Gokmen, S.B. Ocak, Ionizing radiation influence on rubrene-based metal polymer semiconductors: direct information of intrinsic electrical properties. Jom. 72, 2391–2397 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04156-x
D. Akay, U. Gokmen, S.B. Ocak, Radiation-induced changes on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/lead oxide (PbO) composite nanostructure. Phys. Scr. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ab2aa4
D. Akay, U. Gökmen, S.B. Ocak, An evaluation of dielectric qualities by using frequency dependence in superbenzene-ring based organic polymer-semiconductors. Mater. Chem. Phys. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.122708
J.A. Thornton, D.W. Hoffman, Stress-related effects in thin films. Thin Solid Films 171, 5–31 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(89)90030-8
J. Hu, W. Cai, C. Li, Y. Gan, L. Chen, In situ x-ray diffraction study of the thermal expansion of silver nanoparticles in ambient air and vacuum. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 1–3 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1901803
E.B.T. Walch, C. Roos, Measurement of the mechanical properties of silver and enamel thick films using nanoindentation. Int. J. Appl. Glas. Sci. 11, 195–206 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijag.13875
X. Long, W. Tang, W. Xia, Y. Wu, L. Ren, Y. Yao, Porosity and Young’s modulus of pressure-less sintered silver nanoparticles, 2017 IEEE 19th Electron. Packag. Technol. Conf. EPTC 2017. 2018, 1–8 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/EPTC.2017.8277577.
T. Liang, D. Zhou, Z. Wu, P. Shi, Size-dependent melting modes and behaviors of Ag nanoparticles: a molecular dynamics study. Nanotechnology 28, 485704 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aa92ac
S. Neuville, Selective carbon material engineering for improved MEMS and NEMS. Micromachines. (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10080539
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT, Grant No. NP230090).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Lim, T., Lee, HL., Ryu, K. et al. Adhesion nanoarchitectonics of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticles on various substrates after furnace sintering. Appl. Phys. A 130, 192 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-024-07352-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-024-07352-7