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Li and Na metal ion-induced defects in CuO nanocrystallites studied by positron annihilation spectroscopy

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Abstract

Alkali metal ion (Li+ and Na+)-doped CuO nanocrystallites were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), positron annihilation lifetime (PAL), and Doppler broadening annihilation radiation (DBAR) spectroscopy methods. A comparative analysis of XRD, TEM, average lifetime, and electron momentum variation is presented based on defect formation and curing. DBAR studies divulge the positron trapping sites as Cu vacancies and vacancy complex clusters in undoped CuO. The study also reveals lattice defect and migration of point defect in the doped CuO lattice. The positron lifetimes of undoped CuO show extended point defects, VCu–VO vacancy complexes, and voids. These defects are reduced to Cu interstitial (Cui) type point defects upon annealing. The lifetime confirms the VCu recovery and cluster vacancies for annealed Li- and Na-doped CuO. Higher Li concentrations showed a significant point defect of isolated oxygen vacancies as well as Li interstitials. Antisite and oxygen interstitial-type defects are prominent for all the Na concentrations.

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The data supporting this study's findings are available from the corresponding author [S. Sellaiyan], upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The financial support from the University of Tsukuba Education and Research fund is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan

    S. Sellaiyan

  2. Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India

    P. Ajaykumari, M. Avinash & K. Sivaji

  3. Department of Physics, Anna University, MIT Campus, Chennai, 600044, India

    L. Vimaladevi

  4. CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India

    A. Subbiah

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Sellaiyan, S., Ajaykumari, P., Vimaladevi, L. et al. Li and Na metal ion-induced defects in CuO nanocrystallites studied by positron annihilation spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. A 129, 629 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06891-9

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