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Novel BaTiO3/Ag/WO3 nanocomposite as LPG gas sensor: optical, morphological, and dielectric properties

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Abstract

In this study, a BaTiO3/Ag/WO3 nanocomposite was chemically synthesized for its gas sensing properties towards LPG. The formation of the novel BaTiO3/Ag/WO3 nanocomposite was confirmed by XRD, TEM and FTIR analyses using the peak positions, observed planes, and existing vibrational bands, respectively with, Ag NPs of ~ 24 nm. The direct band gap 3.1 eV and absorption edge (411 nm) of the BaTiO3/Ag/WO3 nanocomposite were determined using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The vibrational bands at 471, 504, 804, and 1636 cm−1 are attributed to the interaction of silver with O–W–O and W–O–W in WO3, Ti–O in BTO, and C–O, respectively in the BTO/Ag/WO3 nanocomposite. The higher dielectric constant and activation energy were estimated to be 2342 and 9.7 meV respectively. The sensitivity towards LPG at high temperature was ~ 99% with ~ 88 µA Ia.c., while a.c. conductivity was very small at high temperatures. Long-time stability (30 days) with lower response time (10-4 s) and recovery time (17–21 s) were achieved. The limit of detection for LPG was found 205 ppm.

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Acknowledgements

The author L. Aamir from University of Hail would like to express her gratitude to Deanship of Scientific Research at University of Hail, KSA for funding this work through Research Groups Program under Grant No. RG-22023.

Funding

University of Hail,RG-22023, Lubna Aamir

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India

    Pankaj Soni, Rishi Raj Singh Rathore & Deepshikha Rathore

  2. Department of Physics, College of Science for Girls, Aja Campus, University of Hail, PO Box No. 2440, 8145, Ha’il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Lubna Aamir & Afia Aslam

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  1. Pankaj Soni
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  2. Lubna Aamir
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  3. Rishi Raj Singh Rathore
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  5. Deepshikha Rathore
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Contributions

PS: writing–original draft, experimental. LA: supervision, conceptualization, analysis, writing–review and editing. RRSR: experimental, analysis and writing. DR: conceptualization, Supervision, Analysis, and writing-editing. AA: analysis, review & editing.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Lubna Aamir or Deepshikha Rathore.

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Soni, P., Aamir, L., Rathore, R.R.S. et al. Novel BaTiO3/Ag/WO3 nanocomposite as LPG gas sensor: optical, morphological, and dielectric properties. Appl. Phys. A 129, 225 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06512-5

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