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The contribution of nonlinear behavior for large piezoelectric response in BNT-BT-based ceramics

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Abstract

Bismuth sodium–barium titanate (BNT-BT)-based ceramics with multi-phase coexistence exhibit promising piezoelectricity, while the enhancement mechanism of phase transition on the piezoelectricity is worthy of further study. Here, we developed a new composition of (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06Ti1-x(Nb0.5Lu0.5)xO3 (named as BNTBT-xNL) by introducing (Nb0.5Lu0.5)4+ complex ions to reduce the driving field from P4bm to R3c. A large electro-strain of 0.48% (piezoelectric stain coefficient d33* = 686 pm/V) is obtained in x = 0.15 ceramics. With further studying the properties between poled and unpoled x = 0.15 ceramics, both the intrinsic and extrinsic contribution increased together with the coexistence of R3c and P4bm phase, which are responsible for exploring the origin of the excellent piezoelectric properties of BNT-NL ceramics. In this work, (Nb0.5Lu0.5)4+ complex ions are used to lower phase transition energy barriers and enhance the piezoelectric characteristics of BNT-based ceramics. Rayleigh analysis provides an effective way to quantify the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic contributions on the piezoelectric properties of ceramics.

Graphical abstract

The mechanism and Rayleigh analysis of piezoelectric response in BNTBT-xNL ceramics.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (51862004 and 52262017) and Foundation for Guangxi Bagui scholars.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China

    Zijing Xiao, Qingning Li, Changrong Zhou, Kai Yao, Changlai Yuan, Jiwen Xu, Guohua Chen & Guanghui Rao

  2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China

    Zijing Xiao, Changrong Zhou, Kai Yao, Changlai Yuan, Jiwen Xu, Guohua Chen & Guanghui Rao

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  1. Zijing Xiao
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  2. Qingning Li
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Correspondence to Qingning Li, Changrong Zhou or Guanghui Rao.

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Xiao, Z., Li, Q., Zhou, C. et al. The contribution of nonlinear behavior for large piezoelectric response in BNT-BT-based ceramics. Appl. Phys. A 129, 279 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06506-3

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