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The structural, optical, mechanical, and radiation-shielding features of transparent borate glasses containing bismuth and lead cations

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Abstract

A glass formulation (100-x) [75% B2O3–25%Bi2O3] – xPbCl2; x = 0, 2.5, 7 and 11 mol. % was obtained via melt-quenching steps. The glass internal structure was investigated by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The elasticity moduli were investigated using well-known models. The dependence of boron–boron distance (dB-B), molar volume (Vm), bandgap (EOpt), and index of refraction (\(n\)) on PbCl2 content also was investigated. The parameters dB–B, Vm, and n show an increasing behavior, while EOpt shows a slight decrement behavior with PbCl2 content. The elasticity moduli show increasing behavior with PbCl2 content increment. Comparing bulk modulus (\(B\)) to Young modulus (\(E\)), the values of \(B\) are quite lower. This manifests that the present glasses can withstand stress in one direction better than in all directions. Moreover, the \(E\) is greater than \(S\). This shows that the present glasses can tolerate longitudinal stress more than shear stress. A proposed method to obtain EOpt from the extinction coefficient is examined. The results obtained by this method show an excellent agreement with those obtained by Tauc’s method. Moreover, the effect of the partial replacement of Bi2O3 with PbCl2 on the gamma-ray shielding properties was studied using the Monte Carlo simulation code MCNP. The obtained results depict a decrease in the linear attenuation coefficient values from 0.326 to 0.300 cm−1 with raising the partial replacement of Bi2O3 by PbCl2. Besides, the half-value thickness and transmission factor values increased with raising the partial substitution of Bi2O3 by PbCl2. The fast neutron effective removal cross-section was calculated for the fabricated glasses where the results show a slight reduction in the ∑R values with raising the incrementation of PbCl2 content in the fabricated glass samples.

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All the data have been reported in the manuscript. The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article. The raw data that support the findings are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sinai University, North Sinai, Egypt

    M. S. Sadeq & A. M. Abdel-Ghany

  2. Ural Federal University, St. Mira, 19, 620002, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    K. A. Mahmoud

  3. Nuclear Materials Authority, El-Maadi, P.O. Box 530, Cairo, Egypt

    K. A. Mahmoud

  4. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman, Jordan

    M. I. Sayyed

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  1. M. S. Sadeq
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MSS: analysis, writing—original draft and editing, writing—review and editing, project administration, KAM: analysis, writing—original draft and editing, MIS: data curation, analysis, writing—review and editing, AMA-G: methodology, data curation, writing—original draft.

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Sadeq, M.S., Mahmoud, K.A., Sayyed, M.I. et al. The structural, optical, mechanical, and radiation-shielding features of transparent borate glasses containing bismuth and lead cations. Appl. Phys. A 128, 1049 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-06184-7

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