Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Strontium doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics with very low dielectric loss synthesized by the sol–gel method

  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Ca site of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics doped by strontium (Ca1-xSrxCu3Ti4O12, x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) were accomplished by a modified sol–gel method and subsequently sintered at 980–1020 °C to improve the dielectric properties and enhance the breakdown electric field. Remarkably, the dielectric loss (tanδ) of the CSCTO ceramics sintered at 1000 °C can be lower than 0.05 in a wide frequency (20 Hz–100 kHz), especially, very low dielectric loss (tanδ) about 0.008 can be obtained in Ca0.9Sr0.1Cu3Ti4O12 ceramic which sintered at 1000 °C measured at 300 Hz. These results indicate that Sr2+ doped at the Ca2+ site of CCTO type ceramic can enhance the applicable properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 and can be used in the future practical researches.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L. Fang, M. Shen, Deposition and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 thin films on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates using pulsed-laser deposition. Thin Solid Films 440(1–2), 60 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. A.F.L. Almeida, R.R. Silva, H.H.B. Rocha, P.B.A. Fechine, F.S.A. Cavalcanti, M.A. Valente, F.N.A. Freire, R.S.T.M. Sohn, A.S.B. Sombra, Experimental and numerical investigation of a ceramic dielectric resonator (DRA): CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO). Phys. B 403(4), 586 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. L.C. Kretly, A.F.L. Almeida, R.S.D. Oliveira, J.M. Sasaki, A.S.B. Sombra, Electrical and optical properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) substrates for microwave devices and antennas. Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett. 39, 145 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. M.A. Subramanian, D. Li, N. Duan, B.A. Reisner, A.W. Sleight, High dielectric constant in ACu3Ti4O12 and ACu3Ti3FeO12 phases. J. Solid State Chem. 151(2), 323 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. A.P. Ramireza, M.A. Subramanianb, M. Gardela, G. Blumberga, D. Lib, T. Vogtc, S.M. Shapiroc, Giant dielectric constant response in a copper-titanate. Solid State Commun. 115, 217 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. M.A. Subramanian, W.J. Marshall, T.G. Calvarese, A.W. Sleight, Valence degeneracy in CaCu3Cr4O12. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 64(9–10), 1569 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. D.C. Sinclair, T.B. Adams, F.D. Morrison, A.R. West, CaCu3Ti4O12: one-step internal barrier layer capacitor. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80(12), 2153 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. T.B. Adams, D.C. Sinclair, A.R. West, Giant barrier layer capacitance effects in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. Adv. Mater. 14, 1321 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Lunkenheimer, R. Fichtl, S.G. Ebbinghaus, A. Loidl, Nonintrinsic origin of the colossal dielectric constants inCaCu3Ti4O12. Phys. Rev. B 70(17), 172102 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. C.C. Wang, L.W. Zhang, Surface-layer effect in CaCu3Ti4O12. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88(4), 042906 (2006)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. P.R. Bueno, R. Tararan, R. Parra, E. Joanni, M.A. Ramírez, W.C. Ribeiro, E. Longo, J.A. Varela, A polaronic stacking fault defect model for CaCu3Ti4O12 material: an approach for the origin of the huge dielectric constant and semiconducting coexistent features. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 42(5), 055404 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. W.C. Ribeiro, E. Joanni, R. Savu, P.R. Bueno, Nanoscale effects and polaronic relaxation in CaCu3Ti4O12 compounds. Solid State Commun. 151(2), 173 (2011)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. L. Sun, Q. Ni, J. Guo, E. Cao, W. Hao, Y. Zhang, L. Ju, Dielectric properties and nonlinear I-V electrical behavior of (Li1+, Al3+) co-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. Appl. Phys. A 124(6), 1–9 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Z. Tang, Y. Huang, K. Wu, J. Li, Significantly enhanced breakdown field in Ca1-xSrxCu3Ti4O12 ceramics by tailoring donor densities. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 38(4), 1569 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S. De Almeida-Didry, C. Autret, A. Lucas, C. Honstettre, F. Pacreau, F. Gervais, Leading role of grain boundaries in colossal permittivity of doped and undoped CCTO. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 34(15), 3649 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. L. Sun, R. Zhang, Z. Wang, E. Cao, Y. Zhang, L. Ju, Microstructure and enhanced dielectric response in Mg doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J. Alloys Compd. 663, 345 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. P. Mao, J. Wang, S. Liu, L. Zhang, Y. Zhao, K. Wu, Z. Wang, J. Li, Improved dielectric and nonlinear properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics with Cu-rich phase at grain boundary layers. Ceram. Int. 45(12), 15082 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Z. Wang, J. Guo, W. Hao, E. Cao, Y. Zhang, L. Sun, P. Xu, Microstructures and dielectric properties of sol-gel prepared K-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J. Electroceram. 40(2), 115 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. J. Wang, Z. Lu, T. Deng, C. Zhong, Z. Chen, Improved dielectric, nonlinear and magnetic properties of cobalt-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 38(10), 3505 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. V. Kumar, S. Pandey, A. Kumar, M.K. Verma, S. Singh, V.S. Rai, D. Prajapati, T. Das, A. Sharma, C.L. Prajapat, A. Gangwar, K.D. Mandal, Investigation of dielectric, magnetic and impedance spectroscopic properties of CaCu3-XMnXTi4-XMnXO12 (X = 0.10) nano-ceramic synthesized through semi-wet route. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 9(6), 12936 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. M. Maleki Shahraki, H. Daeijavad, A.H. Emami, M. Abdollahi, A. Karimi, An engineering design based on nano/micro-sized composite for CaTiO3/CaCu3Ti4O12 materials and its dielectric and non-Ohmic properties. Ceram. Int. 45(17), 21676 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. X. Wang, L. Xue, Y. Zhang, J. Du, L. Sun, Y. Shi, W. Wang, Y. Liang, Y. Fu, S. Shang, S. Yin, J. Shang, Y. Hu, Improved electrical performance of MgO-modified CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. Phys. B 572, 98 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. M.M. Ahmad, Giant dielectric constant in CaCu3Ti4O12 nanoceramics. Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(23), 232908 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. L. Lin, Y. Liu, J. Zhang, Z. Li, Z. Lei, Y. Li, M. Tian, Enhancement of breakdown electric field and dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics by Sr doping. Mater. Chem. Phys. 244, 122722 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. S. Rhouma, S. Saîd, C. Autret, S. De Almeida-Didry, M. El Amrani, A. Megriche, Comparative studies of pure, Sr-doped, Ni-doped and co-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics: enhancement of dielectric properties. J. Alloys Compd. 717, 121 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. S. Liu, Q. Xie, L. Zhang, Y. Zhao, X. Wang, P. Mao, J. Wang, X. Lou, Tunable electrocaloric and energy storage behavior in the Ce, Mn hybrid doped BaTiO3 ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 38(14), 4664 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. L. Zhang, X. Ren, Aging behavior in single-domain Mn-doped BaTiO3 crystals: implication for a unified microscopic explanation of ferroelectric aging. Phys. Rev. B 73(9), 094121 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. D.C. Sinclair, A.R. West, Impedance and modulus spectroscopy of semiconducting BaTiO3 showing positive temperature coefficient of resistance. J. Appl. Phys. 66(8), 3850 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Z. Yang, L. Zhang, X. Chao, L. Xiong, J. Liu, High permittivity and low dielectric loss of the Ca1−xSrxCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J. Alloys Compd. 509(35), 8716 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. J. Boonlakhorn, P. Kidkhunthod, P. Thongbai, A novel approach to achieve high dielectric permittivity and low loss tangent in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics by co-doping with Sm3+ and Mg2+ ions. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35(13), 3521 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. P. Thongbai, J. Jumpatam, T. Yamwong, S. Maensiri, Effects of Ta5+ doping on microstructure evolution, dielectric properties and electrical response in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 32(10), 2423 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. J. Boonlakhorn, P. Srepusharawoot, P. Thongbai, Distinct roles between complex defect clusters and insulating grain boundary on dielectric loss behaviors of (In3+/Ta5+) co-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. Results Phys. 16, 102886 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. M. Li, A. Feteira, D.C. Sinclair, Relaxor ferroelectric-like high effective permittivity in leaky dielectrics/oxide semiconductors induced by electrode effects: A case study of CuO ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 105(11), 114109 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. P. Lunkenheimer, V. Bobnar, A.V. Pronin, A.I. Ritus, A.A. Volkov, A. Loidl, Origin of apparent colossal dielectric constants. Phys. Rev. B 66(5), 052105 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. D. Xu, X. Yue, J. Song, S. Zhong, J. Ma, L. Bao, L. Zhang, S. Du, Improved dielectric and non-ohmic properties of (Zn + Zr) codoped CaCu3Ti4O12 thin films. Ceram. Int. 45(9), 11421 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. L. Ni, X.M. Chen, Enhancement of giant dielectric response in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics by Zn substitution. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 93(1), 184 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. J. Wang, Z. Lu, T. Deng, C. Zhong, Z. Chen, Improved dielectric properties in A′-site nickel-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 100(9), 4021 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Y. Liu, T. Sun, G. Dong, S. Zhang, Q. Chen, X. Liu, Improvement of electromagnetic properties at room temperature in La0.625Ca0.375-xSrxMnO3:Ag0.2 (x = 0.09-0.15) ceramics by Sr doping. Ceram. Int. 45(12), 15466 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. D. Xu, X. Yue, Y. Zhang, J. Song, X. Chen, S. Zhong, J. Ma, L. Ba, L. Zhang, S. Du, Enhanced dielectric properties and electrical responses of cobalt-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 thin films. J. Alloys Compd. 773, 853 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. T. Li, Y. Sun, H.Y. Dai, D.W. Liu, J. Chen, R.Z. Xue, Z.Q. Chen, Influence of spark plasma sintering temperature on the microstructures, dielectric and I-V properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics. J. Alloys Compd. 829, 154595 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. R. Xue, D. Liu, Z. Chen, H. Dai, J. Chen, G. Zhao, Dielectric and nonohmic properties of CaCu3Ti4O12/SrTiO3 ceramics. J. Electron. Mater. 44(4), 1088 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 11804006), Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No. 201901D111126 and No. 201901D111117).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People’s Republic of China

    Jiangpeng Zhao, Li Sun, Ensi Cao, Wentao Hao & Yongjia Zhang

  2. College of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, 455000, People’s Republic of China

    Lin Ju

Authors
  1. Jiangpeng Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Li Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ensi Cao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wentao Hao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yongjia Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Lin Ju
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Li Sun.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhao, J., Sun, L., Cao, E. et al. Strontium doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics with very low dielectric loss synthesized by the sol–gel method. Appl. Phys. A 128, 340 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-05452-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-05452-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation