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Effect of copper on the structural, morphological and dielectric properties of Pb1−xCuxNb2O6 (x = 0, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 and 1) perovskites

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Abstract

Tungsten bronze structure-based PbNb2O6 ceramics are functional materials and are usually known as low-density ceramics. The low-density property may limit their practical applications. In this study, Cu-substituted PbNb2O6, with different concentrations, was prepared by a well-known solgel auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of rhombohedral perovskite phase for PbNb2O6 which is transformed to monoclinic phase upon complete replacement of Pb by Cu. The surface morphology of all the samples suggested that, with the increase in copper content, the grain size decreased, which resulted in an increase in the density of these ceramics. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy assured the presence of all the elements in the samples in accordance with their empirical formulae. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed complete combustion, and the downward peaks in the corresponding spectra were purely related to perovskites. Frequency-dependent dielectric analysis showed that the dielectric constant and conductivity of PbNb2O6 improved with increasing Cu contents and less than 1% dielectric loss was achieved. In addition, complex impedance spectroscopy and complex modulus analysis revealed the existence of non-Debye-type relaxation in these compositions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan for funding this research work in the context of ‘Indigenous 5000 Ph.D. Fellowship Program’. This work is a part of Ph.D. study of Sana Aslam (S.Aslam). The authors would like to acknowledge Researcher’s Supporting Project Number (RSP-2021/71), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia for their partial support in this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan

    Sana Aslam, Hafiz Muhammad Rafique & Naadia Akhtar

  2. Physics and Astronomy Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Shahid M. Ramay, Syed Mansoor Ali & Hamoud Kassim

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  1. Sana Aslam
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  2. Hafiz Muhammad Rafique
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Correspondence to Shahid M. Ramay.

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Aslam, S., Rafique, H.M., Ramay, S.M. et al. Effect of copper on the structural, morphological and dielectric properties of Pb1−xCuxNb2O6 (x = 0, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 and 1) perovskites. Appl. Phys. A 127, 630 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-021-04783-4

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