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Hydrogen sensing behaviour of platinum and palladium functionalized silicon nanowalls

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Abstract

In a chemi-resistive gas sensor, the sensing properties are essentially improved through surface functionalization. In the present work, silicon nanowalls (SiNWs) were carved on silicon wafers by metal-assisted chemical etching technique. Over the SiNWs, platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) nanoparticles were deposited through a fluoride-free galvanic displacement deposition technique. The surface-decorated SiNWs were then evaluated for their sensing behaviour towards hydrogen (H2) gas. The morphological investigation revealed vertically aligned SiNW architecture with Pt and Pd nanoparticles sprinkled over the wall-tips. The crystallographic analysis indicated that the SiNWs has the original single-crystalline nature of the silicon wafer even after surface modification. Comparison of H2 gas sensing efficacies indicates an ~ 8 and ~ 4-fold corresponding increase in Pd and Pt functionalized SiNWs, at 200 °C, with respect to pristine SiNWs. A plausible sensing mechanism is suggested with a suitable parallel resistance model. The combinatorial effect of single-crystalline SiNWs and catalytic properties of Pt and Pd resulted in enhanced sensing characteristics. Moreover, the economically scalable aptitude of the fabrication technique makes them suitable for real-time and facile industrial applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank DAE, Government of India for the research support. The authors also thank to Lakshmanan Chelladurai and Reshma P Radhakrishnan of IGCAR for gas sensing and Sruthi Mohan of IGCAR for GIXRD measurements. UGC-DAE CSR, Kalpakkam Node is also kindly acknowledged. Raghavan Nadar Viswanath thanks Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation, Chennai 603 104 for the support and encouragement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Surface and Nanoscience Division, Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, HBNI, Kalpakkam, 603102, Tamil Nadu, India

    Anil Kumar Behera, T. Manovah David, Arun K. Prasad, Puthuparampil K. Ajikumar & Tom Mathews

  2. Department of Humanities and Sciences, Centre for Nanotechnology Research, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation, Chennai, 603104, Tamil Nadu, India

    Raghavan Nadar Viswanath

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  1. Anil Kumar Behera
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Behera, A.K., Viswanath, R.N., Manovah David, T. et al. Hydrogen sensing behaviour of platinum and palladium functionalized silicon nanowalls. Appl. Phys. A 127, 40 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-04154-5

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