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Phase evolution studies of sol–gel derived lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanopowder using X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Abstract

We report here the formation of single phase lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanopowder with composition Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 and average crystallite size 12–20 nm, synthesized by sol–gel process. The phase evolution of PZT gel powder, heat treated at temperatures 550, 650 and 800°C was monitored by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS). The high resolution XPS spectra of Pb4f, Zr3d, Ti2p and O1s show that PZT with pure perovskite structure is obtained at 800°C while at lower temperatures pyrochlore phase co-exists with perovskite phase. The XRD results also support this analysis. We have also identified the pyrochlore phase using XPS by analyzing the corresponding variations in the FWHM values, peak positions and the separation between the spin doublets of Pb, Zr and Ti associated with it. The composition of the final powder obtained with pure perovskite structure is calculated and is close to the designed value.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India

    Anupama Sachdeva, Vandna Luthra & R. P. Tandon

  2. Department of Physics, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, H-4-5 Zone, Pitam Pura, Delhi, 110034, India

    Anupama Sachdeva

  3. Surface Physics and Nanostructures Group, National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan road, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Mahesh Kumar

  4. Department of Physics, Gargi College, Siri Fort Road, New Delhi, 110049, India

    Vandna Luthra

Authors
  1. Anupama Sachdeva
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  2. Mahesh Kumar
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  3. Vandna Luthra
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  4. R. P. Tandon
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Correspondence to R. P. Tandon.

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Sachdeva, A., Kumar, M., Luthra, V. et al. Phase evolution studies of sol–gel derived lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanopowder using X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. A 104, 103–108 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-011-6301-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-011-6301-8

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