Abstract
This paper reports the design and principles of two dimensional rod-type photonic crystal (PhC) line defect waveguides for bandgap based optical waveguiding, static modulation and high speed dynamic optical switchings. Experiments were carried out for both high aspect ratio and slab type configurations. The differences in waveguiding mechanisms for the two configurations resulting from the presence of bottom cladding systems, without out-of-plane symmetries are compared for their advantages and disadvantages. In particular, the designs of non-top-clad optical waveguides of layout sizes within micrometers and operational frequencies centered at the optical communication wavelength of 1550 nm, were investigated for the feasibility of large scale integration by batch fabrication process techniques – such as sub-micrometer optical lithography etc. Based on such techniques, specifically designed dispersions of line defect PhC waveguides within a missing row of PhC rods were accompanied by optical testing structures of suitable coupling modes. Optical measurements of waveguiding coefficients were therefore enabled for the different configurations, together with further static and dynamic modulations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. Yablonovitch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059 (1987)
S. John, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486 (1987)
M.F. Yanik, S. Fan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 08390-1 (2004)
M. Loncar, T. Doll, J. Vuckovic, A. Scherer, J. Lightwave Technol. 18, 1402 (2000)
S. Lin, E. Chow, V. Hietala, P.R. Vileneuve, J.D. Joannopoulos, Science 282, 274 (1998)
M. Tokushima, H. Yamada, Y. Arakawa, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 4298 (2004)
S. Assefa, P.T. Rakich, P. Bienstman, S.G. Johnson, G.S. Petrich, J.D. Joannopoulos, L.A. Kolodziejski, E.P. Ippen, H.I. Smith, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 6110 (2004)
S.H.G. Teo, A.Q. Liu, J. Singh, M.B. Yu, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 22, 2640 (2004)
A.F. Koenderink, L. Bechger, H.P. Schriemer, A. Lagendijk, W.L. Vos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 143903 (2002)
M. Soljacic, M. Ibanescu, S.G. Johnson, Y. Fink, J.D. Joannopoulos, Phys. Rev. E 66, 05560-1 (2002)
T.D. Happ, M. Kamp, A. Forchel, Opt. Lett. 26, 1102 (2001)
T. Shoji, T. Tsuchizawa, T. Watanabe, K. Yamada, H. Morita, Electron. Lett. 38, 1669 (2002)
S. Leonard, W. Van Driel, M. Schilling, J. Wehrspohn, Phys. Rev. B 66, 161102-1 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
PACS
42.70.Qs
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Teo, S., Liu, A., Singh, J. et al. Rod type photonic crystal optical line defect waveguides with optical modulations. Appl. Phys. A 89, 417–422 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-007-4122-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-007-4122-6