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Design and analysis of hexagonal astroid-like shaped core photonic crystal fiber for highly non-linear applications

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Abstract

Using the Finite Element Method, a hexagonal photonic crystal fiber(H-PCF) is designed with an astroid-like shaped \(A{s}_{2}{S}_{3}\) chalcogenide glass core and Schott N-BK7 glass background material. The Sellmeier equation represents the refractive indices of both core and background materials to consider the refractive index's wavelength dependence. COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 simulates the optical properties of the designed PCF by carrying out a parametric wavelength sweep from 0.8 µm to 1.4 µm for three different core sizes. Various characteristics of PCF, such as effective mode index, birefringence, effective mode area, confinement loss, non-linear coefficient, dispersion parameter, and group velocity dispersion (GVD), have been analyzed. Among the three fiber designs, H-PCF has the highest non-linear coefficient of 40.052\({W}^{-1}{m}^{-1}\) at a wavelength of 0.8 μm and a shallow confinement loss of \(5.6\times {10}^{-10}\) dB/m at a wavelength of 1.06 μm. The low confinement loss value and the smaller effective area indicate the designed fiber's strong light guidance effect. The dispersion parameter value of the designed fiber of three different core sizes was from -2052.61(ps/km-nm) to 803.32(ps/km-nm) at wavelengths of 0.8 μm and 1.4 μm, respectively. These properties of designed H-PCF make it suitable for highly non-linear applications like second harmonic generation, four-wave mixing, supercontinuum generation, soliton propagation, etc.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during the present study are presented in this published article.

Code availability

Authors have used licensed COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS 6.0 software provided by the I-STEM portal for designing and performing photonic crystal fiber mode analysis.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Indian Science Technology and Engineering Facilities Map portal for their support.

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  1. Department of Physics, GITAM Deemed To Be University, Doddaballapur Taluk, Nagadenahalli, 562163, India

    Lalkrishna S & Atul Kumar

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Both authors contributed to the study's conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Lalkrishna S and Atul Kumar, who wrote the first draft of the manuscript, and both authors commented on previous versions. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lalkrishna S.

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S, L., Kumar, A. Design and analysis of hexagonal astroid-like shaped core photonic crystal fiber for highly non-linear applications. J Opt (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-024-01837-7

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