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In-vivo monitoring of development of cholangiocarcinoma induced with C. sinensis and N-nitrosodimethylamine in Syrian golen hamsters using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging: a preliminary study

  • Gastrointestinal
  • Published:
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Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study is to evaluate high-resolution ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in monitoring of cholangiocarcinoma in the hamsters with C. sinensis infection and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA).

Materials and Methods

Twenty-four male Syrian golden hamsters of were divided into four groups composed of five hamsters as control, five hamsters receiving 30 metacercariae of C. sinensis per each hamster, five hamsters receiving NDMA in drinking water, and nine hamsters receiving both metacercariae and NDMA. Ultrasound was performed every other week from baseline to the 12th week of infection. MRI and histopathologic examination was done from the 4th week to 12th week.

Results

Cholangiocarcinomas appeared as early as the 6th week of infection. There were 12 cholangiocarcinomas, nine and ten of which were demonstrated by ultrasound and MRI, respectively. Ultrasound and MRI findings of cholangiocarcinomas in the hamsters were similar to those of the mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas in humans. Ultrasound and MRI also showed other findings of disease progression such as periductal increased echogenicity or signal intensity, ductal dilatation, complicated cysts, and sludges in the gallbladder.

Conclusions

High-resolution ultrasound and MRI can monitor and detect the occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma in the hamsters non-invasively.

Key Points

• High-resolution ultrasound and MRI can monitor occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma in the hamsters.

• Cholangiocarcinomas were detected as early as the 6th week after C. sinensis infection.

• Axial T2-weighted MRI demonstrated cholangiocarcinomas and various inflammatory findings in the hamsters.

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Abbreviations

CCA:

cholangiocarcinoma

CS:

Clonorchis cinensis

FA:

flip angle

FOV:

field of view

GRE:

gradient-echo

HASTE:

half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

NEX:

number of excitation

NDMA:

N-nitrosodimethylamine

PACE:

prospective acquisition correction

SPAIR:

spectral adiabatic inversion recovery

TE:

echo time

TR:

relaxation time

TSE:

turbo spin-echo

T1WI:

T1-weighted image

T2WI:

T2-weighted image

US:

Ultrasound

VIBE:

volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination

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Acknowledgments

The scientific guarantor of this publication is Joon Koo Han. The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. This study has received funding by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (no. 2009-0083512). No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper. Institutional Review Board approval was not required because this study was on animals. Approval from the institutional animal care committee was obtained. Methodology: experimental.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 07061, Korea

    Hyunsik Woo

  2. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea

    Joon Koo Han & Jung Hoon Kim

  3. Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea

    Sung-Tae Hong

  4. Adult Stem Cell Research Center, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tumor Biology, Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea

    Md. Hafiz Uddin

  5. Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea

    Ja-June Jang

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  1. Hyunsik Woo
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  2. Joon Koo Han
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  3. Jung Hoon Kim
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  4. Sung-Tae Hong
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  5. Md. Hafiz Uddin
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  6. Ja-June Jang
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Correspondence to Joon Koo Han.

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Woo, H., Han, J.K., Kim, J.H. et al. In-vivo monitoring of development of cholangiocarcinoma induced with C. sinensis and N-nitrosodimethylamine in Syrian golen hamsters using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging: a preliminary study. Eur Radiol 27, 1740–1747 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-016-4510-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-016-4510-4

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