Abstract
Key message
Gibberellic acid elicited synthesis of many phenols from different classes and enhanced production of sesquiterpenoids, polyterpenoids, steroids and monoterpenoids compared to control and 6-benzylaminopurine.
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) on the synthesis of secondary metabolites in species of Lamiaceae. In this study, for the first time, the profile of secondary metabolites in plantlets of Cunila menthoides was characterized, using UPLC-ESI-Qq-oaTOF-MS. Ninety metabolites were identified, including polyphenols and terpenes. BA down-regulated most of the identified molecules in relation to GA3 and MS0 (control). The results showed that GA3 elicited synthesis of many phenols from different classes, and seemed to play a major role in the shikimate pathway in relation to BA. GA3 enhanced production of sesquiterpenoids, polyterpenoids, steroids and monoterpenoids compared to MS0 and BA, and also seemed to positively influence the MEP/DOXP and MVA pathways. These data show the most comprehensive metabolomic profile of Cunila menthoides to date, and the effects of BA and GA3 on the synthesis of secondary metabolites, modulating quantitative aspects of metabolism in Lamiaceae.
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Abbreviations
- UPLC–MSE :
-
Ultra performance liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry with independent MSE mode data
- HPLC:
-
High-performance liquid chromatography
- PGRs:
-
Plant growth regulators
- BA:
-
6-benzylaminopurine
- GA3:
-
Gibberellic acid
- TDZ:
-
Thidiazuron
- IAA:
-
Indole acetic acid
- MS0:
-
Sterile MS medium with no growth regulators
- UPLC-ESI-Qq-oaTOF-MS:
-
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography—electrospray ionization—quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- PCA:
-
Principal components analysis
- HE:
-
Hydrophilic extract
- LE:
-
Lipophilic extract
- CV:
-
Coefficient of variation
- RT:
-
Retention time
- m/z :
-
Mass to charge
- RA:
-
Rosmarinic acid
- MVA:
-
Mevalonic acid
- DOXP/MEP:
-
2C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate
- GPP:
-
Geranyl diphosphate
- GGPP:
-
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate
- GGPPS:
-
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases
- FPP:
-
(E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Prof. Dr. Agostini from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, for his support in collecting and identifying the plant material; to the Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) for a scholarship; to Prof. Dr. Suellen G. Moreira from the Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for helping to develop the UPLC separation methodology; to Prof. Dr. André Ferreira from the Oswaldo Cruz Fundation (FIOCRUZ) and to the Waters Corporation for logistical and technical support, respectively.
Funding
This study was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) and Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Unirio).
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Communicated by Attila Feher.
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Supplementary Table 1 and 2. List of identified compounds in HE and LE respectively, with average abundance by treatment, isotope distribution, maximum fold change, mass error, molecular formula, retention time, mass/charge and score of C. menthoides (PDF 1201 KB)
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Oliveira, J.P.S., Koblitz, M.G.B., Ferreira, M.S.L. et al. Comparative metabolomic responses to gibberellic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine in Cunila menthoides Benth. (Lamiaceae): a contribution to understand the metabolic pathways. Plant Cell Rep 37, 1173–1185 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-018-2303-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-018-2303-8