Abstract
Salidroside, the 8-O-β-d-glucoside of tyrosol, is the main bioactive component of Rhodiola species and is found mainly in the plant roots. It is well known that glucosylation of tyrosol is the final step in the biosynthesis of salidroside; however, the biosynthetic pathway of tyrosol and its regulation are less well understood. A summary of the results of related studies revealed that the precursor of tyrosol might be tyramine, which is synthesized from tyrosine. In this study, a cDNA clone encoding tyrosine decarboxylase (TyrDC) was isolated from Rhodiola sachalinensis A. Bor using rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The resulting cDNA was designated RsTyrDC. RNA gel–blot analysis revealed that the predominant sites of expression in plants are the roots and high levels of transcripts are also found in callus tissue culture. Functional analysis revealed that tyrosine was best substrate of recombinant RsTyrDC. The over-expression of the sense-RsTyrDC resulted in a marked increase of tyrosol and salidroside content, but the levels of tyrosol and salidroside were 274 and 412%, respectively, lower in the antisense-RsTyrDC transformed lines than those in the controls. The data presented here provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that the RsTyrDC can regulate the tyrosol and salidroside biosynthesis, and the RsTyrDC is most likely to have an important function in the initial reaction of the salidroside biosynthesis pathway in R. sachalinensis.
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Abbreviations
- HPLC:
-
High-pressure liquid chromatography
- IPTG:
-
Isopropyl thio-β-d-galactopyranoside
- LC-ESIMS:
-
Liquid chromatography electron spray ionization mass spectrometry
- PLP:
-
Pyridoxal 1-phosphate
- TyrDC:
-
Tyrosine decarboxylase
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30872029 and 30900112) and Key Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (Nos. 5111001, 6071001 and 6092007), and Funding Project for Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning Under the Jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality (Nos. PHR20090516 and PHR201108279), and Foundation of Beijing Municipal Education Committee (No. KM201110020001), and Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (No. 2010BS0502).
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Communicated by L. Jouanin.
Ji-Xing Zhang, Lan-Qing Ma contributed equally to this work.
Gene: RsTyrDC (GenBank accession no. DQ471943).
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Zhang, JX., Ma, LQ., Yu, HS. et al. A tyrosine decarboxylase catalyzes the initial reaction of the salidroside biosynthesis pathway in Rhodiola sachalinensis . Plant Cell Rep 30, 1443–1453 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-011-1053-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-011-1053-7