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Trends in mortality in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico

  • Epidemiology of RMDs
  • Published:
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Abstract

The study aimed to analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality rates in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) in Mexico. We selected SARD-related deaths using National Open Data and Information from the Ministry of Health, Mexico, and ICD-10 codes. We assessed the observed compared to the predicted mortality values for 2020 and 2021, employing trends from 2010 to 2019 with joinpoint and prediction modelling analyses. Among 12,742 deaths due to SARD between 2010 and 2021, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) increased significantly between 2010 and 2019 (pre-pandemic) (annual percentage change [APC] 1.1%; 95% CI 0.2–2.1), followed by a non-significant decrease during the pandemic period (APC 13.9%; 95% CI 13.9–5.3). In addition, the observed ASMR of 1.19 for 2020 for SARD and of 1.14 for 2021 were lower than the predicted values of 1.25 (95% CI 1.22–1.28) for 2020 and 1.25 (95% CI 1.20–1.30) for 2021. Similar findings were identified for specific SARD, mainly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), or by sex or age group. Interestingly, the observed mortality rates for SLE in the Southern region of 1.00 in 2020 and 1.01 in 2021 were both significantly greater than the predicted values of 0.71 (95% CI 0.65–0.77) in 2020 and 0.71 (95% CI 0.63–0.79). In Mexico, the observed SARD mortality rates were not higher than the expected values during the pandemic, except for SLE in the Southern region. No differences by sex or age group were identified.

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Data availability statement

The National open data and information from the Ministry of Health, Mexico can be accessed through this website: http://www.dgis.salud.gob.mx/contenidos/basesdedatos/Datos_Abiertos_gobmx.html.

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Funding

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Pamela Munguía-Realpozo and Claudia Mendoza-Pinto are Co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Research Unit, Specialties Hospital UMAE-CIBIOR, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico

    Pamela Munguía-Realpozo, Claudia Mendoza-Pinto & Edith Ramírez-Lara

  2. Department of Rheumatology, Medicine School, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Calle 13 Sur 2702, Los Volcanes, 72420, Puebla, Mexico

    Pamela Munguía-Realpozo, Claudia Mendoza-Pinto, Ivet Etchegaray-Morales, Jacsiry Orbe-Sosa & Mario García-Carrasco

  3. Department of Haematology, Specialties Hospital UMAE, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico

    Juan Carlos Solis-Poblano

  4. Coordinación Médica de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Delegación Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    Jorge Ayón-Aguilar

  5. Coordinación de Planeación y Enlace Institucional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Delegación Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    Socorro Méndez-Martínez

Authors
  1. Pamela Munguía-Realpozo
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  2. Claudia Mendoza-Pinto
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  3. Ivet Etchegaray-Morales
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  4. Juan Carlos Solis-Poblano
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  5. Jorge Ayón-Aguilar
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  6. Edith Ramírez-Lara
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  7. Jacsiry Orbe-Sosa
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  8. Socorro Méndez-Martínez
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  9. Mario García-Carrasco
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Contributions

Study conception and study supervision: PM-R, CM-R, IE-M and JCS-P. Study design and data analysis: PM-R, CM-P, IE-M and JA-A. Manuscript drafting: PM-R, CM-R, JO-S and ER-L. Critical review of the manuscript: SM-M and MG-C. Data interpretation and manuscript approval: All authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ivet Etchegaray-Morales.

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All authors do not have any conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was reviewed by the Local Ethics Research Committee of the Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), Puebla, Mexico (R-2022-2106-011). The results of this study have not been reported in any congress.

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Munguía-Realpozo, P., Mendoza-Pinto, C., Etchegaray-Morales, I. et al. Trends in mortality in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. Rheumatol Int 43, 1611–1619 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-023-05371-w

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