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A Comprehensive Review on Biobased Hyperbranched Polymers

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Abstract

Environmental issues, including climate change and plastic pollution, have compelled scientists to look at alternatives to traditional polymers. Scientists are actively researching biobased hyperbranched polymers, an emerging group of highly branched polymers made from sustainable resources. They are seen as a promising alternative to petrochemical-based polymers. Hyperbranched polymers can be made using single- and double-monomer techniques. This review provides an extensive perspective of the synthesis and properties of biobased hyperbranched polymers made from a variety of renewable starting materials, including starch, lignin, vanillin, levulinic acid, furfurylamine, ferulic acid, citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, and tannic acid and various vegetable oils have been investigated till date. Most of these biobased hyperbranched polymers have been created using vegetable oil as their raw materials because numerous vegetable oil derivatives like monoglycerides, polyols, and fatty acids can be potentially used as monomers for the polymer. In the paper, specifics about modified biobased hyperbranched polymers, their composites, nanocomposites, and functionalized versions are highlighted. These materials belong to a class that combines the special characteristics of hyperbranched polymers with the reinforcing and functionalizing effects of fillers like silver, carbon, silicone, clay, etc. Lastly, the paper also discusses the various practical applications of biobased hyperbranched polymers in various industrial sectors and their prospects for the future.

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Abbreviations

AESO:

Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil

AIEE:

Aggregation-induced enhanced emission

APTMS:

Aminopropyl trimethoxysilane

BD:

Butanediol

bis-MPA:

2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid

BPA:

Bisphenol-A

CA:

Citric acid

CHBPU:

Castor oil hyperbranched polyurethanes

CIE:

Clustering-induced emission

CuNFC:

CuO-nanofibrillar

DETA:

Diethanolamine

DGEBA:

Diglycidyl ether epoxy of bisphenol-A

DMM:

Double-monomer methodology

DMPA:

Dimethylol propionic acid

DOP:

Dioctyl phthalate

DOPO:

9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide

EGSO:

Epoxidized grape seed oil

ETFP-n:

2,5-Furan dicarboxylic acid and trimethylolpropane, biobased hyperbranched epoxy resins

FA:

Fatty acids

FAME:

Fatty acid methyl esters

FDA-E:

Methyl 4,4-bis[5-(aminomethyl) furan-2-yl] pentanoate

FEHBP:

Ferulic acid-based hyperbranched epoxy resin

FEP:

Ferulic acid-based epoxy resin

FRGO:

Functionalized reduced graphene oxide

GO:

Graphene oxide

GSO:

Grapeseed oil

HAP:

Hydroxyapatite

HBGE:

Hyperbranched epoxy

HBGP:

Hyperbranched polyol

HBP:

Hyperbranched polymers

HBPA-g-WSSPS:

Hyperbranched polyamide to form a hyperbranched aminated WSSPS

HBPE:

Hyperbranched polyesters

HBPP:

Hyperbranched polyester polyols

HBPU:

Hyperbranched polyurethanes

HBTPU:

Hyperbranched thermoplastic polyurethanes

HPBCA:

Citric acid-based hyperbranched polyester

HPG:

Hyperbranched polyglycerol

HyBP:

Hyperbranched polyol

IPDI:

Isophorone diisocyanate

ITA:

Itaconic anhydride

ITA-HBP:

Itaconic anhydride hyperbranched polymer

JO:

Jatropha oil

LPU:

Linear polyurethane

M2HB:

Methyl 13,14-dihydroxy behenate

M2HS:

Methyl 9,10-dihydroxy stearate

M3HS:

Methyl 9, 10, and 11-trihydroxystearate

MDI:

4,40-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate

MHBPU:

Messua. ferrea L. oil hyperbranched polyurethanes

MR:

Methyl ricinoleate

MUF:

Melamine–urea–formaldehyde

MWCNT:

Multiwall carbon nanotube

NC:

Nanocomposites

PA:

Protocatechuic acid

PAM:

Polyacrylamide

PCF:

Pure carbon fiber fabric

PCL:

Poly(e-caprolactone) diol

PENTA:

Pentaerythritol

PHB:

Polyhydroxy butyrate

PO:

Pongamia oil

POH:

Pongamia oil hydroxyl

PTP:

Proton-transfer polymerization

PU:

Polyurethane

PU-COHBPs:

Castor oil-based hyperbranched polyol-based polyurethane

PU-COs:

Castor oil-based polyurethane

rGO:

Reduced graphene oxide

SA:

Succinic anhydride

SBO:

Soybean oil

SCROP:

Self-condensing ring-opening polymerization

SCVP:

Self-condensing vinyl polymerization

SHBPU:

Sunflower oil hyperbranched polyurethanes

SMM:

Single-monomer methodology

SP:

Soy protein

SPU:

Soya bean oil hyperbranched polyurethane

SRGO:

Sulfur decorated reduced graphene oxide

STFP-n:

Thiol-ended hyperbranched polyesters

TA:

Tannic acid

TAHAs:

Tannic acid-based hyperbranched methacrylates

TCA-HBSi:

Tannic acid-based hyperbranched polysiloxane

TDI:

Toluene diisocyanate

TEA-f-MWCNT:

Triethanolamine functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube

TGA:

Triglycidylamine

TPPs:

Tung oil-based hyperbranched esters

TPU:

Thermoplastic polyurethanes

VA:

Vanillic acid

VO:

Vegetable oil

WHBP:

Waterborne hyperbranched polyester

WSSPS:

Water-soluble soybean polysaccharide

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  1. Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Komal Bhutra, Sayan Datta & Aarti P. More

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Komal bhutra has done the major writting of the draft. Sayan Datta has helped in literature survey and drawn all figures, wheres Dr. A.P.More has done the final review and revision of draft

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Bhutra, K., Datta, S. & More, A.P. A Comprehensive Review on Biobased Hyperbranched Polymers. Polym. Bull. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-024-05293-y

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