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Nanostructures and biomaterials based on silk polymer for medical diagnostic and therapeutic applications

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Abstract

Today, SF is a natural polymer with unique features, such as excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity, which characterize this material with diverse forms for different purposes. Silk nanoparticles, scaffolds, films, and mats are used in various therapeutic and diagnostic strategies including drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, biomolecule detection, and wound healing. Therefore, a study that examines all SF applications and evaluates its toxicity helps researchers in future projects. In this study, we comprehensively searched all sources of databases in different years about the medical application of various types of SF. Also, we reviewed the toxicity of SF. Several newer papers were selected for reporting and conclusions. In conclusion, the evaluation of the literature revealed that SF is a promising candidate for a wide range of biomedical applications.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three-dimensional

5-FU:

5-Fluorouracil

Aβ1–40:

40-Aminoacid-long amyloid-β peptides

ACL:

Anterior cruciate ligament

AIHA:

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

BFGF:

Basic fibroblast growth factor

CBMN:

Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus

Ce6:

Chlorin e6

CHO-K1:

Comet assay using Chinese hamster ovary cells

CM:

Cardiomyocyte

DOX:

Doxorubicin

DPSCs:

Dental pulp stem cells

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EGF:

Endothelial growth factor

G-EFT:

Graphene-based field-effect transistors

GO:

Graphene oxide

Gox:

Glucose oxidase

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

HRP:

Horseradish peroxidase

HMSCs:

Human mesenchymal stem cells

HUVECs:

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells

LbL:

Layer-by-layer

MAbIMUG:

Monoclonal antibodies against human immunoglobulin

MCF-7:

Michigan cancer foundation

MSPPs:

Magnetic-silk/PEI core–shell nanoparticles

MI:

Myocardial infarction

NO:

Nitric oxide

NP:

Nanoparticle

ODNs:

Oligodeoxynucleotides

OECs:

Olfactory ensheathing cells

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

PDMS:

Polydimethylsiloxane

pDNA:

Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid

PDT:

Photodynamic therapy

PEDOT:

Poly (3, 4 ethylenedioxythiophene)

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEI:

Polyethyleneimine

PGA:

Polyglycolic acid

PLA:

Polylactic acid

PLGA:

Polylactic-co-glycolic acid

PLGA-SF-COL:

PLGA-SF-collagen

RBCs:

Red blood cells

SF:

SF

SF/HAp:

SF/hydroxyapatite

SF-HT-3GEN:

SF-based nanofibrous hardystonite-gentamicin

SNAP:

S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine

SPP:

Silk–polyethyleneimine

TGF-β3:

Transforming growth factor beta-3

THP:

Tumor-homing peptides

TiO2:

Titanium dioxide

UTS:

Ultimate tensile strength

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the faculty of advanced technologies in medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences colleagues, for their valuable assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Elham Afjeh-Dana

  2. Air Pollution Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Arash Javadmoosavi

  3. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mostafa Rahvar, Masoumeh Zahmatkeshan & Behnaz Ashtari

  4. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ronak Shabani

  5. Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Shahbazi

  6. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Shahbazi, Masoumeh Zahmatkeshan & Behnaz Ashtari

  7. Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ronak Shabani

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Afjeh-Dana, E., Javadmoosavi, S.A., Rahvar, M. et al. Nanostructures and biomaterials based on silk polymer for medical diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Polym. Bull. 81, 4737–4769 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-023-04949-5

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